Attendance at sporting events and sports participation: analysis of the relationship with subjective wellbeing between level groups, men and women
Alfredo Silva
Abstract
The objectives of the study were to determine the existence of differences in the levels of subjective well-being in individuals with different levels of sports participation, attendance at sporting events, and between men and women. This investigation was focused on subjective well-being, a relevant and meaningful perspective from which we can understand the well-being of the sports consumer, as a sport can affect the psychological state through hedonic experiences (eg, joy, excitement, anxiety) resulting from attendance at sporting events and sports participation. Gaps in the literature expressed in divergent results regarding subjective well-being were found between individuals who have no interest in sport and spectators and those who follow sport through the media (Inoue et al, 2017; Kim & James, 2019; Kim et al., 2017; Mutz, 2019). On the other hand, inconsistency was found in the results of several investigations concerning the effects of sports participation on subjective well-being. A convenience sample of 374 adult individuals was selected. To assess the research questions about the existence of significant differences, a series of Student t-tests were performed using the groups of individuals: 1) reduced levels of sports participation and attendance at sporting events; 2) high levels of sporting participation and attendance at sporting events, and; 3) men and women. The results showed that individuals with higher and lower attendance at sporting events did not show significant differences in the levels of subjective well-being, either in the group of men or women. Individuals with a higher frequency of sports participation manifested significantly higher feelings of subjective well-being than individuals with a lower frequency of sports participation. This conclusion is very relevant because it confirms the strong role that sports participation plays in promoting individuals' subjective well-being. The recommendations are aimed at legitimizing and appealing to a stronger investment by decision-makers in public policies for the population's sports participation because higher levels of sports participation lead to higher levels of subjective well-being. Public investments in hosting and organizing sporting events, with a view to stimulating assistance and the hedonic dimension, should be well evaluated.
Keywords
References
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Submitted date:
10/06/2021
Accepted date:
12/03/2021
