Fatores pull e push associados ao trabalho off-farm nos estabelecimentos agropecuários brasileiros
Pull and push factors associated with off-farm work on Brazilian farms
Rosimere Miranda Fortini; Marcelo José Braga; Carlos Otávio de Freitas; Felipe de Figueiredo Silva
Resumo
Palavras-chave
Abstract
Keywords
References
Adamseged, M. E., Frija, A., & Thiel, A. (2019). Dynamics of rural livelihoods and rainfall variability in Northern Ethiopian Highlands.
Alasia, A., & Bollman, R. D. (2009). Off-farm work by farmers: the importance of rural labour markets.
Alasia, A., Weersink, A., Bollman, R. D., & Cranfield, J. (2009). Off-farm labour decision of Canadian farm operators: Urbanization effects and rural labour market linkages.
Anang, B. T., Nkrumah-Ennin, K., & Nyaaba, J. A. (2020). Does off-farm work improve farm income? Empirical evidence from Tolon District in Northern Ghana.
Asfaw, A., Simane, B., Hassen, A., & Bantider, A. (2017). Determinants in the adoption of climate change adaptation strategies: Evidence from rainfed-dependent smallholder farmers in north-central Ethiopia.
Babatunde, R. O., Olagunju, F. I., Fakayode, S. B., & Adejobi, A. O. (2010). Determinants of participation in off-farm employment among small-holder farming households in Kwara State, Nigeria.
Barrett, C. B., Reardon, T., & Webb, P. (2001). Nonfarm income diversification and household livelihood strategies in rural Africa: concepts, dynamics, and policy implications.
Beyene, A. D. (2008). Determinants of off-farm participation decision of farm households in Ethiopia.
Bouchakour, R., & Saad, M. (2020). Farm and farmer characteristics and off-farm work: Evidence from Algeria.
Call, M., Gray, C., & Jagger, P. (2019). Smallholder responses to climate anomalies in rural Uganda.
Campanhola, C., & Silva, J. G. (2000). Desenvolvimento local e a democratização dos espaços rurais.
CEAPG, & CENN. (2012).
Chang, H.-H., & Wen, F.-I. (2011). Off-farm work, technical efficiency, and rice production risk in Taiwan.
Davis, B. (2006). Rural non-farm livelihoods in transition economies: emerging issues and policies.
Davis, B., Di Giuseppe, S., & Zezza, A. (2014).
Davis, B., Di Giuseppe, S., & Zezza, A. (2017). Are African households (not) leaving agriculture? Patterns of households’ income sources in rural Sub-Saharan Africa.
Dell, M., Jones, B. F., & Olken, B. A. (2012). Temperature shocks and economic growth: Evidence from the last half century.
Edmond, H., & Crabtree, J. R. (1994). Regional variation in Scottish pluriactivity: The socio-economic context for different types of non-farming activity.
Efstratoglou-Todoulou, S. (1990). Pluriactivity in different socio-economic contexts: a test of the push-pull hypothesis in Greek farming.
Ellis, F. (1998). Household strategies and rural livelihood diversification.
Ellis, F. (2000). The determinants of rural livelihood diversification in developing countries.
Ellis, F. (2008). Transforming the rural nonfarm economy: opportunities and threats in the developing world.
Federação das Indústrias do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. (2018).
Figueiredo, S. O., Sincorá, L. A., Leite, M. C. O., & Brandão, M. M. (2021). Fatores determinantes do controle da criminalidade em gestão de políticas de segurança pública.
Fuguitt, G. V. (1959). Part-time farming and the push-pull hypothesis.
Fuller, A. M. (1990). From part-time farming to pluriactivity: A decade of change in rural Europe.
Gansonré, S. (2018). Analysis of off-farm work decisions among smallholder farm households in Burkina Faso.
Getahun, W., Haji, J., Mehare, A., & Zemedu, L. (2023). Drivers of income diversification among rural households in the Ethiopian central highlands.
Haggblade, S. (2007). Alternative perceptions of the rural non-farm economy. In S. Haggblade, P. Hazell, & T. Reardon (Eds.),
Haggblade, S., Hazell, P., & Reardon, T. (2010). The rural non-farm economy: prospects for growth and poverty reduction.
Helfand, S. M., Magalhães, M. M., & Rada, N. E. (2015).
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2009).
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2017a).
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2017b).
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2017c).
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2017d).
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2018).
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2019).
Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística – IBGE. (2020).
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2014).
Khan, W., Jamshed, M., Fatima, S., & Dhamija, A. (2019). Determinants of income diversification of farm households in Uttar Pradesh, India.
Lien, G., Kumbhakar, S. C., & Hardaker, J. B. (2010). Determinants of off-farm work and its effects on farm performance: The case of Norwegian grain farmers.
Lin, C. L., Jin, Y. Q., Zhao, Q., Yu, S. W., & Su, Y. S. (2021). Factors influence students’ switching behavior to online learning under COVID-19 pandemic: a push–pull–mooring model perspective.
Linke, A. M., Witmer, F. D. W., & O’Loughlin, J. (2020). Do people accurately report droughts? Comparison of instrument-measured and national survey data in Kenya.
Mathenge, M. K., & Tschirley, D. L. (2010).
Mathenge, M. K., & Tschirley, D. L. (2015). Off-farm labor market decisions and agricultural shocks among rural households in Kenya.
Mesquita, D. F. S., Nascimento, C. A., & Lima, P. V. P. S. (2023). Non-agricultural income, infrastructure and access to consumer goods in rural households in the northeast and south.
Mohaddes, K., Ng, R. N. C., Pesaran, M. H., Raissi, M., & Yang, J.-C. (2023). Climate change and economic activity: Evidence from US states.
Mohaddes, K., & Raissi, M. (2025). Rising temperatures, melting incomes: Country-specific macroeconomic effects of climate scenarios.
Nascimento, C. A., Aquino, J. R., & Del Grossi, M. E. (2021). Tendências recentes da agricultura familiar no Brasil e o paradoxo da pluriatividade.
Nascimento, C. A., & Cardozo, S. A. (2007). Redes urbanas regionais e a pluriatividade das famílias rurais no Nordeste e no Sul do Brasil, 1992–1999 e 2001–2005.
Nascimento, C. A., Staduto, J. A. R., Mantovani, G. G., & Souza, M. (2024). A lei da agricultura familiar e a transição da pluriatividade no sul rural do Brasil.
Ney, M. G., & Hoffmann, R. (2008). A contribuição das atividades agrícolas e não-agrícolas para a desigualdade de renda no Brasil rural.
Reardon, T., Berdegué, J., Barrett, C. B., & Stamoulis, K. (2007). Household income diversification into rural nonfarm activities. In S. Haggblade, P. Hazell, & T. Reardon (Eds.),
Reardon, T., Stamoulis, K., Balisacan, A., Cruz, M., Berdegué, J., & Banks, B. (1998). Rural non-farm income in developing countries. In FAO.
Rizov, M. (2005). Pull and push: Individual farming in Hungary.
Rodrigues, L. C. C., Fortini, R. M., & Neves, M. C. R. (2023). Impacts of the use of biological pest control on the technical efficiency of the Brazilian agricultural sector.
Sani, S. (2017). Rural households’ towards off-farm and non-farm employment opportunities in Assosa Zone, Western Ethiopia.
Schneider, S. (2003). Teoria social, agricultura familiar e pluriatividade.
Serra, T., Goodwin, B. K., & Featherstone, A. M. (2005). Agricultural policy reform and off-farm labour decisions.
Sheffield, J., Goteti, G., & Wood, E. F. (2006). Development of a 50-year high-resolution global dataset of meteorological forcings for land surface modeling.
Silva, J. G., & Del Grossi, M. E. (2001). Rural nonfarm employment and incomes in Brazil: Patterns and evolution.
Vogt, C., & Fochezatto, A. (2019). Fatores associados ao envelhecimento rural nos municípios brasileiros: Uma análise usando regressões quantílica. In
Wilhite, D. A., & Glantz, M. H. (1985). Understanding the drought phenomenon: the role of definitions.
Woldenhanna, T., & Oskam, A. (2001). Income diversification and entry barriers: evidence from the Tigray region of northern Ethiopia.
Zákhia, E. M. S., Alvarenga, L. A., Tomasella, J., Martins, M. A., Santos, A. C. N., & Melo, P. A. (2021). Impactos das mudanças climáticas em uma bacia hidrográfica no sul do estado de Minas Gerais.
Zahonogo, P. (2011). Determinants of non-farm activities participation decisions of farm households in Burkina Faso.
Submitted date:
03/18/2026
Accepted date:
08/18/2026
Publication date:
10/05/2026
Facebook
LinkedIn
Mendeley
Reddit
Email