Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/rba/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942011000100007
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Artigo Científico

Avaliação pré-anestésica e redução dos custos do preparo pré-operatório

Preanesthesia evaluation and reduction of preoperative care costs

Márcia Rodrigues Neder Issa; Núbia Faria Campos Isoni; Alessandra Marinho Soares; Magda Lourenço Fernandes

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942011000100007 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.61, n1, p.65-71, 2011
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A avaliação pré-anestésica (APA) é fundamental no preparo do paciente cirúrgico. Entre suas muitas vantagens, destaca-se a redução dos custos com o preparo pré-operatório. Embora estudos prévios tenham constatado esse benefício, não é certo que ele se aplique adequadamente em nosso meio. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os custos do preparo pré-operatório realizado pelo cirurgião com os custos estimados a partir da APA. Paralelamente, comparou-se a classificação do estado físico da American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) determinada pelo anestesiologista ou por outros especialistas. MÉTODO: Duzentos pacientes candidatos a procedimentos cirúrgicos ou diagnósticos eletivos, cujo preparo pré-operatório foi orientado pelo cirurgião, foram submetidos à APA após internação hospitalar. O anestesiologista determinou os exames complementares ou as consultas especializadas e necessárias a cada paciente. Foram comparados o número e os custos dos exames ou consultas indicados pelo anestesiologista com aqueles realizados no preparo pré-operatório. Comparou-se também a classificação da ASA determinada pelo anestesiologista ou pelo médico que realizou a consulta especializada. RESULTADOS: Dos 1.075 exames complementares realizados, 55,8% não estavam indicados, o que equivaleu a uma fração de 50,8% do custo total com exames. O anestesiologista considerou que 37 pacientes (18,5%) não precisariam realizar exames. O custo do preparo orientado pelo cirurgião foi 25,11% maior do que o custo estimado a partir da avaliação pré-anestésica, sendo essa diferença estatisticamente significante (p < 0,01). Houve discordância na classificação da ASA em 9,3% dos pacientes avaliados pelo especialista. CONCLUSÕES: O preparo pré-operatório baseado na avaliação pré-anestésica criteriosa pode resultar em significativa redução dos custos quando comparado ao preparo orientado pelo cirurgião. Observou-se boa concordância na determinação do escore da ASA.

Palavras-chave

AVALIAÇÃO, EXAMES COMPLEMENTARES

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Preanesthesia evaluation (PAE) is fundamental in the preparation of a surgical patient. Among its advantages is the reduction of preoperative care costs. Although prior studies had observed this benefit, it is not clear whether it can be taken into consideration among us. The objective of the present study was to compare the costs of preoperative care performed by the surgeon with estimated costs based on PAE. In parallel, we compared the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification determined by the anesthesiologist with that estimated by other specialists. METHODS: Two hundred patients scheduled for elective surgery or diagnostic procedures whose preoperative care was made by the surgeon underwent PAE after hospital admission. The anesthesiologist determined which ancillary exams or referrals necessary for each patient. The number and cost of ancillary exams or referrals requested by the anesthesiologist were compared with those of the preoperative preparation. The ASA classification according to the anesthesiologist was also compared to that of the physician in charge of the consultation. RESULTS: Out of 1,075 ancillary exams performed, 55.8% were not indicated, which corresponded to 50.8% of the total cost of exams. The anesthesiologist considered that 37 patients (18.5%) did not require exams. The cost of surgeon-oriented preoperative care was higher than that based on the preanesthesia evaluation and this difference in costs was statistically significant (p < 0.01). In 9.3% of the patients discordance in ASA classification according to the specialist was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative care based on judicious preanesthesia evaluation can result in significant reduction in costs when compared to that oriented by the surgeon. Good concordance in ASA classification was observed.

Keywords

Anesthesia, Preoperative Care, Laboratory Techniques and Procedures, Costs and Cost Analysis

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