Influência do lítio no bloqueio neuromuscular produzido pelo atracúrio e pelo cisatracúrio: estudo em preparações nervo frênico-diafragma de rato

Samanta Cristina Antoniassi Fernandes; Angélica de Fátima de Assunção Braga; Franklin Sarmento da Silva Braga; Yolanda Christina S. Loyola; Silmara Rodrigues de Souza; Caroline Coutinho de Barcelos

doi:10.1590/S0034-70942007000300007

Scientific Article

Influência do lítio no bloqueio neuromuscular produzido pelo atracúrio e pelo cisatracúrio: estudo em preparações nervo frênico-diafragma de rato

Influence of lithium on the neuromuscular blockade produced by atracurium and cisatracurium: study on rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations

Samanta Cristina Antoniassi Fernandes; Angélica de Fátima de Assunção Braga; Franklin Sarmento da Silva Braga; Yolanda Christina S. Loyola; Silmara Rodrigues de Souza; Caroline Coutinho de Barcelos

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942007000300007 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.57, n3, p.289-300, 2007

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JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O lítio, fármaco amplamente utilizado nos distúrbios bipolares, pode interagir com os bloqueadores neuromusculares. Os mecanismos para explicar os seus efeitos na transmissão neuromuscular e a interação com bloqueadores neuromusculares são controversos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar, em diafragma de rato, os efeitos do lítio sobre a resposta muscular à estimulação indireta e a possível interação com os bloqueadores neuromusculares. MÉTODO: Utilizaram-se ratos com peso entre 250g e 300g, sacrificados sob anestesia com uretana. A preparação nervo frênico-diafragma foi montada de acordo com a técnica descrita por Bulbring. O diafragma foi mantido sob tensão, ligado a um transdutor isométrico e submetido à estimulação indireta de 0,1 Hz de freqüência. As contrações do diafragma foram registradas em fisiógrafo. Da análise da amplitude das respostas musculares avaliaram-se: os efeitos dos fármacos: lítio (1,5 mg.mL-1); atracúrio (20 µg.mL-1) e cisatracúrio (3 µg.mL-1) empregados isoladamente; da associação lítio-bloqueadores neuromusculares; e do lítio no bloqueio neuromuscular produzido pelo atracúrio (35 µg.mL-1) e cisatracúrio (5 µg.mL-1). Os efeitos foram avaliados antes e 45 minutos após a adição dos fármacos. Também foram estudados os efeitos do lítio nos potenciais de membrana (PM) e potenciais de placa terminal em miniatura (PPTM). RESULTADOS: O lítio isoladamente não alterou a amplitude das respostas musculares, mas diminuiu significativamente o bloqueio neuromuscular produzido pelo atracúrio e cisatracúrio. Não alterou o PM e ocasionou aumento inicial da freqüência dos PPTM. CONCLUSÕES: O lítio empregado isoladamente não comprometeu a transmissão neuromuscular e aumentou a resistência ao efeito do atracúrio e cisatracúrio. Não mostrou ação sobre a fibra muscular, sendo que as alterações nos potenciais de placa terminal em miniatura evidenciaram ação pré-sináptica.

Palavras-chave

ANIMAIS, Estabilizadores do humor, Bloqueadores neuromusculares, não despolarizantes

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Lithium is widely used for the treatment of bipolar disorders and can interact with neuromuscular blockers. There is a controversy about the mechanisms by which it affects neuromuscular transmission and its interaction with neuromuscular blockers. The objective of this study was to evaluate, on the rat diaphragm, the effects of lithium on the muscular response and indirect stimulation, and the possible interaction with neuromuscular blockers. METHODS: Rats weighing between 250 and 300 g were sacrificed under urethane anesthesia. The phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation was assembled according to the Bulbring technique. The diaphragm was kept under tension, connected to an isometric transducer, and submitted to indirect stimulation with a frequency of 0.1 Hz. The contractions of the diaphragm were registered on a physiograph. The analysis of the amplitude of the muscular responses evaluated: the effects of the isolated drugs: lithium (1.5 mg.mL-1); atracurium (20 µg.mL-1), and cisatracurium (3 µg.mL-1); the lithium-neuromuscular blockers association; and the effects of lithium on the neuromuscular blockade produced by atracurium (35 µg.mL-1) and cisatracurium (5 µg.mL-1). The effects were evaluated before and 45 minutes after the addition of the drugs. The effects of lithium on membrane potentials (MP) and miniature end-plate potentials (MEPP) were also evaluated. RESULTS: Lithium by itself did not change the amplitude of the muscular responses, but it decreased significantly the neuromuscular blockade produced by atracurium and cisatracurium. It did not change MP and caused an initial increase in MEPP. CONCLUSIONS: Lithium by itself did not compromise neuromuscular transmission and increased the resistance to the effects of atracurium and cisatracurium. It did not show any action on the muscle fiber, and the changes in miniature end-plate potentials indicated pre-synaptic action.

Keywords

ANIMALS, MOOD STABILIZERS, NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKERS, Nondepolarizing

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Influência do lítio no bloqueio neuromuscular produzido pelo atracúrio e pelo cisatracúrio: estudo em preparações nervo frênico-diafragma de rato

Influence of lithium on the neuromuscular blockade produced by atracurium and cisatracurium: study on rat phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparations

Samanta Cristina Antoniassi Fernandes; Angélica de Fátima de Assunção Braga; Franklin Sarmento da Silva Braga; Yolanda Christina S. Loyola; Silmara Rodrigues de Souza; Caroline Coutinho de Barcelos

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