Instrumentos de medición de alfabetización en salud oral: revisión de literatura
Oral health literacy and instruments: literature review
Andrea López Soto, María Fernanda González Guzmán, Esteban Álvarez Méndez, Eva Cortés Carmona
Resumen
La alfabetización en salud oral es la capacidad de las personas para obtener, procesar y comprender la información, y los servicios básicos de salud oral necesarios para tomar decisiones de salud adecuadas. El objetivo de la revisión de literatura es la exploración de cómo se utiliza el término de ‘alfabetización en salud oral’ (ASO) en la literatura científica en el ámbito de la odontología, y determinar cuáles instrumentos de medición validados han sido adaptados al idioma español. El método utilizado fue una búsqueda de artículos publicados en bases de datos como PubMed y Scopus, del 2007 al 2018, incluyendo estudios epidemiológicos y revisiones sistemáticas. Los instrumentos de medición validados para determinar el nivel de alfabetización en salud oral que fueron incluidos en la revisión de literatura se basaron en el reconocimiento de palabras, comprensión de lectura y cálculo numérico, así como conocimiento conceptual. En los últimos años se ha dado un gran avance con las investigaciones para el diseño de herramientas eficaces en la medición de la ASO; sin embargo, en América Latina hay poco conocimiento y no se ha realizado ninguna publicación que relacione la ASO con la salud bucodental, por lo que es necesario un instrumento que abarque más áreas para obtener resultados reales.
Palabras clave
Abstract
Oral health literacy is the capacity of people to obtain, process and understand the information and basic oral health services necessary to make appropriate health decisions. The aim of the literature review is to explore how the term oral health literacy (OHL) is used in the scientific literature in the field of dentistry and to determine which validated measurement instruments have been adapted to the Spanish language. The method used was a search of articles in databases such as PubMed and Scopus in a period from 2007 to 2018, including epidemiological studies and systematic reviews. The validated measurement instruments to determine the level of oral health literacy that were included in the literature review were based on word recognition, reading comprehension, and numerical calculation, as well as conceptual knowledge. In recent years, there has been a breakthrough with research for the design of effective tools in the measurement of ASO, however, in Latin America, there is little knowledge and no publication has been made that links the OHL with oral health, therefore, an instrument that covers more areas is necessary to obtain real results.
Keywords
Referencias
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Submitted date:
15/01/2019
Accepted date:
15/02/2019
Publication date:
21/10/2020
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