Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/resr/article/doi/10.1590/1806-9479.2026.301264
Revista de Economia e Sociologia Rural
ARTIGO ORIGINAL

Participação em Associações e Cooperativas: efeitos na renda, produtividade e emprego de agricultores familiares assistidos pela EMATER-GO

Participation in Associations and Cooperatives: effects on income, productivity, and employment among family farmers assisted by EMATER-GO

José Luis Escobar Codezzo; Mateus de Carvalho Reis Neves; Marcelo Dias Paes Ferreira; Lindomar Pegorini Daniel; Guilherme Resende Oliveira

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9479.2026.301264 resr, vol.64, e301264, 2026
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Resumo

Este estudo analisa os efeitos da participação em associações, cooperativas ou ambos os arranjos sobre o desempenho de 5.856 agricultores familiares assistidos pela Emater-GO, em Goiás, Brasil. A análise utiliza o estimador multivalorado de Cattaneo (2010) para identificar efeitos médios e por quantil na distribuição dos resultados. Os achados mostram que a participação em cooperativas está associada a ganhos consistentes em renda, produtividade da terra, produtividade do trabalho e maior número médio de postos de trabalho em relação aos não filiados. A filiação exclusiva a associações não gerou efeitos positivos nos indicadores avaliados, apresentando, inclusive, menor produtividade da mão de obra. A análise por quantil revela que, entre agricultores de menor desempenho (q25), apenas a dupla filiação resultou em aumento significativo de renda, enquanto no quantil superior (q75) os maiores ganhos concentraram-se entre cooperados, sobretudo em renda e produtividade. Em conjunto, os resultados evidenciam que os efeitos das organizações coletivas não são uniformes, variando conforme o tipo de arranjo e o perfil dos produtores. As evidências sugerem que, para ampliar os benefícios da ação coletiva na agricultura familiar, políticas públicas e estratégias organizacionais devem considerar tanto a capacidade funcional das entidades quanto a heterogeneidade entre agricultores.

Palavras-chave

organizações coletivas, tratamento multivalorado, heterogeneidade de efeitos, rural

Abstract

This study examines the effects of participation in associations, cooperatives, or both arrangements on the performance of 5,856 family farmers assisted by EMATER-GO in Goiás, Brazil. The analysis uses the multivalued estimator of Cattaneo (2010) to identify mean and quantile effects across the distribution of outcomes. The findings indicate that participation in cooperatives is associated with consistent gains in income, land productivity, labor productivity, and a higher average number of jobs compared to non-members. Exclusive membership in associations did not yield positive effects on the evaluated indicators and was even associated with lower labor productivity. Quantile analysis shows that among lower-performing farmers (q25), only dual membership led to a significant income increase, whereas in the upper stratum (q75), the largest gains were concentrated among cooperative members, particularly in income and productivity. Overall, the results demonstrate that the impacts of collective organizations are not uniform, varying according to the type of arrangement and the profile of producers. The evidence suggests that, to enhance the benefits of collective action in family farming, public policies and organizational strategies should account for both the functional capacity of the entities and heterogeneity among farmers.

Keywords

collective organizations, multivalued treatment, heterogeneity of effects, rural

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Submetido em:
24/09/2025

Aceito em:
16/03/2026

Publicado em:
02/07/2026

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