Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/rba/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942013000100008
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Clinical Information

Ressuscitação hemostática no choque hemorrágico traumático: relato de caso

Hemostatic resuscitation in traumatic hemorrhagic shock: case report

José Osvaldo Barbosa Neto; Marcos Fernando Breda de Moraes; Ricardo Souza Nani; Joel Avancini Rocha Filho; Maria José Carvalho Carmona

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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O objetivo deste artigo é relatar um caso em que a estratégia damage control (RDC) com ressuscitação hemostática foi usada com sucesso em paciente politraumatizada com choque hemorrágico grave. RELATO DE CASO: Paciente de 32 anos com choque hemorrágico grave por politraumatismo com fratura de bacia, que evoluiu com acidose, coagulopatia e hipotermia. Durante a ressuscitação volêmica, a paciente recebeu transfusão de hemocomponentes - plasma fresco congelado/concentrado de plaquetas/concentrado de hemácias, na razão de 1:1:1. Evoluiu no período intraoperatório, com melhora dos parâmetros perfusionais, e prescindiu de drogas vasoativas. No fim da operação a paciente foi levada para unidade de terapia intensiva e teve alta no sétimo dia de pós-operatório. CONCLUSÃO: A terapêutica ideal do choque hemorrágico traumático ainda não está estabelecida, porém a rapidez no controle da hemorragia e do resgate perfusional e protocolos terapêuticos bem definidos são as bases para se evitar a progressão da coagulopatia e a refratariedade do choque.

Palavras-chave

COMPLICAÇÕES, Choque, SANGUE, Transfusão, Transfusão de Componentes Sanguíneos, Traumatismo Múltiplo

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this paper is to report a case in which the damage control resuscitation (DCR) approach was successfully used to promote hemostatic resuscitation in a polytraumatized patient with severe hemorrhagic shock. CASE REPORT: Female patient, 32 years of age, with severe hemorrhagic shock due to polytrauma with hip fracture, who developed acidosis, coagulopathy, and hypothermia. During fluid resuscitation, the patient received blood products transfusion of fresh frozen plasma/packed red blood cells/platelet concentrate at a ratio of 1:1:1 and evolved intraoperatively with improvement in perfusion parameters without requiring vasoactive drugs. At the end of the operation, the patient was taken to the intensive care unit and discharged on the seventh postoperative day. CONCLUSION: The ideal management of traumatic hemorrhagic shock is not yet established, but the rapid control of bleeding and perfusion recovery and well-defined therapeutic protocols are fundamental to prevent progression of coagulopathy and refractory shock.

Keywords

Blood Component, Multiple trauma, Shock, Hemorrhagic

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