Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/rba/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942013000100006
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Três anos de avaliação das taxas de infecção nosocomial em UTI

Three-year evaluation of nosocomial infection rates of the ICU

Necla Dereli; Esra Ozayar; Semih Degerli; Saziye Sahin; Filiz Koç

Downloads: 0
Views: 1089

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a incidência de infecções nosocomiais associadas aos dispositivos invasivos permite comparar as infecções associadas aos cuidados em saúde (IACS) entre as unidades de terapia intensiva (UTI) de diferentes hospitais e unidades do mesmo hospital. MATERIAL E MÉTODOS: De janeiro de 2007 a dezembro de 2010, um estudo de vigilância retrospectivo foi realizado para identificar infecções nosocomiais, taxas de infecções relacionadas a dispositivos e agentes causadores na UTI de anestesiologia. As IACS foram definidas de acordo com os critérios do Centro de Controle e Prevenção de Doenças (CDC) e as infecções relacionadas aos dispositivos invasivos definidas de acordo com os critérios do Sistema Nacional de Vigilância de Infecções Nosocomiais (NNIS). RESULTADOS: Durante dois anos, 939 pacientes em um universo de 7.892 pacientes/dia foram avaliados. As taxas de IACS foram de 53% em 2007, 29,15% em 2008, 28,85% em 2009 e 16,62% em 2010. A IACS mais comum foi infecção da corrente sanguínea. A taxa de infecção de tecido mole e pele foi a segunda. Entre os pacientes com infecções nosocomiais, os agentes causadores mais comuns foram Gram (-) 56,68%, Gram (+) 31,02% e candidíase 12,3%. CONCLUSÕES: A incidência de IACS na UTI de nosso hospital foi alta, em comparação com as taxas turcas globais obtidas no Refik Saydam Center em 2007. Quando as taxas de infecções relacionadas aos dispositivos foram comparadas entre 2007 e 2008, foram maiores em 2007. A taxas de infecções relacionadas aos dispositivos em 2008 foram reduzidas abaixo da média nacional por causa das medidas de controle de infecção. Como a taxa de infecções relacionada ao cateter urinário ainda permanece alta, devemos exercer esforços contínuos para o controle das infecções.

Palavras-chave

Avaliação de Resultados (Cuidados de Saúde), Infecção Hospitalar, Unidades de Terapia Intensiva

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Evaluating the incidence of nosocomial and invasive device-related infections enables the comparison of the health care associated infection (HAI) between the intensive care units of different hospitals and different units in the same hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective surveillance study was performed to identify nosocomial infections, device-related infections rates, and causal agents from January 2007 through December 2010 in the Anesthesiology Intensive care unit (ICU). HAI were defined according to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) criteria, and invasive device-related infections were defined according to National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System (NNIS) criteria. RESULTS: During a two-year period, 939 patients were analyzed throughout a total of 7,892 patientdays. The rates of HAI were 53% in 2007, 29.15% in 2008, 28.85% in 2009 while 16.62% in 2010. Most common HAI was blood stream infection. The rate of soft tissue and skin infection was the second most common. Overall, the most common agents were Gram(-) 56.68 %, Gram(+) 31.02% and Candida spp 12.3% among patients with nosocomial infections. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of HAI in the ICU of our hospital was high, compared to the Turkish overall rates obtained at the Refik Saydam Center in 2007. When the rates of device-related infections between 2007 and 2008 were compared, they were higher in 2007. The rates of devicerelated infections were diminished in 2008 to below-national mean rates by infection control measures. Since the rate of urinary catheter-related infections are still high, we should exert continuous efforts for infection control.

Keywords

Cross Infection, Intensive Care Units, Outcome Assessment (Health Care)

References

Garner JS, Jarvis WR, Emori TG. CDC definitions for nosocomial infections. Am J Infect Control. 1988;16:128-140.

Edmond MB, Wenzel RP. The impact of hospital acquired blood stream infections. Emerg Infect Dis J. 2001;7:174-177.

Valbona N, Kılıç A, Küçükarslan A. Management of nosocomial infections in intensive care units of a tertiary military hospital. Gülhane Tıp Dergisi. 2004;46:305-310.

Akalın H. Infections in intensive care units: risk factors and epidemiology. Turk J Hosp Infect. 2001;5:5-16.

Eggiman P, Pillet D. Infection control in the ICU. Chest Journal. 2001;120:2059-2093.

Özsüt H. The infection problem in intensive care units: resistant microorganisms and antibiotherapy. Hastane Enfeksiyonları Dergisi. 1998;2:5-14.

Çağatay Atahan A, Özsüt H. Infections and antimicrobial therapy in intensive care unit. Yoğun Bakım Dergisi. 2001;1:21-32.

Akın A, Çoruh EA, Alp E. The evaluation of nosocomial infections and antibiotic resistance in anesthesia intensive care unit for five years. Erciyes Tıp Dergisi. 2011;33:7-16.

Weber DJ, Raasch R, Rutala WA. Nosocomial infectons in the ICU: the growing importance of antibiotic-resistant pathogens. Chest. 1999;115:34S-41S.

Namıduru M, Karaoğlan I, Göksu S. Causative bacteria in nosocomial infections in surgical intensive care unit and their resistance to antibiotics. Turk J Infect. 2003;17:39-44.

Archibald L, Phillips L, Monnet D. Antimicrobial resistance in isolates from inpatients in the United States: increasing importance of the intensive care unit. Clin Infect Dis. 1997;24:211-215.

Legras A, Malvy D, Quinioux AI. Nosocomial infections: prospective survey of incidence in five French intensive care units. Intensive Care Med. 1998;24:1040-1046.

Vaque J, Rossello J, Arribas JL. Prevalence of nosocomial infections in Spain: EPINE Study 1990-1997. J Hosp Infect. 1999;43:105-111.

Vincent JL, Bihari DJ, Suter PM. The prevalence of nosocomial infection in intensive care units in Europe: results of the European Prevalence of Infection in Intensive Care (EPIC) Study. JAMA. 1995;274:639-644.

Engin A, Gürelik B, Elaldı N. Nosocomial infections in reanimation intensive care unit of Faculty of Medicine in Cumhuriyet University: a four years suirvelliance study. Yoğun Bakım Dergisi. 2006;6:227-232.

Palabıyıkoğlu İ, Tulunay M, Ünal N. Nosocomial infections observed in a reanimation unit: risc factors, causative agents and antimicrobial resistance. Hastane Enfeksiyonları Dergisi. 2000;4:150-153.

Çelik İ, İnci N, Denk A. Prevalence of hospital acquired infections in anesthesiology intensive care unit. Fırat Tıp Dergisi. 2005;10:132-145.

Hadimioğlu N, Gültekin M, Tuncer D. Infections observed in a reanimation unit. İnfeksiyon Dergisi. 1998;12:329-332.

Yosunkaya A, Tuncer S. Nosocomial infections in our reanimation unit between years 1999-2000. Hastane İnfeksiyonları Dergisi. 2002;6:92-97.

Kadanalı A, Özkurt Z, Erol S. Hospital infections in Atatürk University Medical Faculty Research Hospitals in 2003. Ankem Dergisi. 2004;18:149-152.

Surveillance data of Turkey between 2007 and 2010. 2011:51-78.

Rosenthall VD, Maki DG, Salomao R. Device associated nosocomial infections in 55 intensive care units of 8 developing countries. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:582-591.

Kiremitçi A, Durmaz G, Akgün Y. Frequency of isolation and antimicrobial resistance patterns of the microorganisms isolated from various clinical specimens in an anaesthesia intensive care unit, data of year 2003. İnfeksiyon Dergisi. 2006;20:37-40.

Karahocagil MK, Yaman G, Göktaş U. Hastane Enfeksiyon Etkenlerinin ve Direnç Profillerinin Belirlenmesi. Van Tıp Dergisi. 2011;18:27-32.

5dd4373f0e88255b51c63495 rba Articles
Links & Downloads

Braz J Anesthesiol

Share this page
Page Sections