Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/rba/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942010000300008
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Influência da naloxona e metisergida sobre o efeito analgésico do laser em baixa intensidade em modelo experimental de dor

Influence of naloxone and methysergide on the analgesic effects of low-level laser in an experimental pain model

André Peres e Serra; Hazem A Ashmawi

Downloads: 0
Views: 1040

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A fototerapia com laser (LPT) é um método analgésico promissor, embora seu mecanismo de ação não seja totalmente conhecido. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar se a ação da LPT é dependente da ativação de receptores opioides ou serotoninérgicos periféricos. MÉTODO: Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos. A dor produzida foi de caráter inflamatório, através da injeção de carragenina na pata posterior esquerda dos ratos. O laser utilizado foi o Photon Lase III em meio ativo InGaAIP (660 nm), fluência de 2,5 J.cm-2. Analisou-se a hiperalgesia mecânica utilizando filamentos de von Frey. Os animais foram separados em cinco grupos: Carragenina; Laser (LPT); Luz não coerente; LPT + Naloxona e LPT + Metisergida. RESULTADOS: A fototerapia com laser em baixa intensidade mostrou-se um método analgésico eficaz, enquanto o emprego de fonte de luz não coerente não mostrou ter efeito analgésico. O uso de naloxona bloqueou o efeito analgésico do LPT; já o uso de metisergida não afetou a analgesia do LPT. CONCLUSÕES: A LPT nos parâmetros utilizados apresentou efeito analgésico. A analgesia da LPT é mediada por receptores opioides periféricos. A LPT parece não interagir com receptores serotoninérgicos periféricos.

Palavras-chave

ANALGESIA, ANIMAIS

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although the mechanism of action of laser phototherapy (LPT) is not known, it is a promising analgesic method. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the action of LPT depends on the activation of peripheral opioid or serotonergic receptors. METHOD: Inflammatory pain was induced through the injection of carrageenin in the left posterior paw of male Wistar rats. The InGaAIP visible laser diode (660 nm) with fluency of 2.5 J.cm-2 was used. Von Frey filaments were used to analyze mechanical hyperalgesia. Animals were separated into five groups: Carrageenin; Laser (LPT); Non-coherent light; LPT + Naloxone; and LPT + Methysergide. RESULTS: Low-Level Laser phototherapy proved to be an effective analgesic method, while non-coherent light did not show a similar effect. The use of naloxone blocked the analgesic effect of LPT, while methysergide did not affect LPT-induced analgesia. CONCLUSIONS: According to the parameter used in this study, LPT produced analgesia. Analgesia induced by laser phototherapy is mediated by peripheral opioid receptors. Laser phototherapy does not seem to interact with peripheral serotonergic receptors.

Keywords

ANALGESIA, ANIMALS

References

Merskey H, Albe-Fessard DG, Bonica JJ. Pain terms: a list with definition and notes on usage. Recommended by the IASP Subcommittee on Taxonomy. Pain. 1979;6:249-252.

Hopkins JT, McLoda TA, Seegmiller JG. Low-level laser therapy facilitates superficial wound healing in humans: a triple-blind, sham-controlled study. J Athl Train. 2004;39:223-229.

Martin KR, Broadway DC. Cyclodiode laser therapy for painful, blind glaucomatous eyes. Br J Ophthalmol. 2001;85:474-476.

Brown GC, Brown MM, Sharma S. Cost-effectiveness of treatment for threshold retinopathy of prematurity. Pediatrics. 1999;104.

Trehan M, Taylor CR. Low-dose excimer 308-nm laser for the treatment of oral lichen planus. Arch Dermatol. 2004;140:415-420.

Manuskiatti W, Fitzpatrick RE. Treatment response of keloidal and hypertrophic sternotomy scars: comparison among intralesional corticosteroid, 5-fluorouracil, and 585-nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed-dye laser treatments. Arch Dermatol. 2002;138:1149-1155.

Schubert MM, Eduardo FP, Guthrie KA. A phase III randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial to determine the efficacy of low level laser therapy for the prevention of oral mucositis in patients undergoing hematopoietic cell transplantation. Support Care Cancer. 2007;15:1145-1154.

Eduardo FP, Bezinelli LM, Luiz AC, Correa L, Vogel C, Eduardo CP. Severity of Oral Mucositis in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation and an Oral Laser Phototherapy Protocol: A Survey of 30 Patients. Photomed Laser Surg. 2008;26.

Fikácková H, Dostálová T, Navrátil L. Effectiveness of low-level laser therapy in temporomandibular joint disorders: a placebo-controlled study. Photomed Laser Surg. 2007;25:297-303.

Karu TI. Low-Power Laser Therapy. Biomedical Photonics Handbook. 2003.

Kujawa J, Zavodnik L, Zavodnik I. Effect of low-intensity (3. 75-25 J/cm2) near-infrared (810 nm) laser radiation on red blood cell ATPase activities and membrane structure. J Clin Laser Med Surg. 2004;22:111-117.

Yasukawa A, Hrui H, Koyama Y. The effect of low reactive-level laser therapy (LLLT) with helium-neon laser on operative wound healing in a rat model. J Vet Med Sci. 2007;69:799-806.

Karu TI, Pyatibrat LV, Afanasyeva NI. Cellular effects of low power laser therapy can be mediated by nitric oxide. Lasers Surg Med. 2005;36:307-314.

Albertini R, Aimbire FS, Correa FI. Effects of different protocol doses of low power gallium-aluminum-arsenate (Ga-Al-As) laser radiation (650 nm) on carrageenan induced rat paw oedema. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2004;74:101-107.

Vladimirov YA, Osipov AN, Klebanov GI. Photobiological principles of therapeutic applications of laser radiation. Biochemistry (Mosc). 2004;69:81-90.

Karu TI, Tiphlova O, Esenaliev R. Two different mechanisms of low-intensity laser photobiological effects on Escherichia coli. J Photochem Photobiol B. 1994;24:155-161.

Bertoloni G, Sacchetto R, Baro E. Biochemical and morphological changes in Escherichia coli irradiated by coherent and non-coherent 632. 8 nm light. J Photochem Photobiol B. 1993;18:191-196.

Honmura A, Ishii A, Yanase M. Analgesic effect of Ga-Al-As diode laser irradiation on hyperalgesia in carrageenin-induced inflammation. Lasers Surg Med. 1993;13:463-469.

Hagiwara S, Iwasaka H, Okuda K. GaAlAs (830 nm) low-level laser enhances peripheral endogenous opioid analgesia in rats. Lasers Surg Med. 2007;39:797-802.

Ferreira DM, Zângaro RA, Villaverde AB. Analgesic effect of He-Ne (632. 8 nm) low-level laser therapy on acute inflammatory pain. Photomed Laser Surg. 2005;23:177-181.

Zimmermann M. Ethical guidelines for investigations of experimental pain in conscious animals. Pain. 1983;16:109-110.

Winter CA, Risley EA, Nuss GW. Carrageenin-induced edema in hind paw of the rat as an assay for antiiflammatory drugs. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1962;111:544-547.

Laakso EL, Cabot PJ. Nociceptive scores and endorphin-containing cells reduced by low-level laser therapy (LLLT) in inflamed paws of Wistar rat. Photomed Laser Surg. 2005;23:32-35.

Ngai SH, Berkowitz BA, Yang JC. Pharmacokinetics of naloxone in rat and man: basis for its potency and short duration of action. Anesthesiology. 1976;44:398-401.

Kaufman RD, Gabathuler ML, Bellville JW. Potency, duration of action and pA2 in man of intravenous naloxone measured by reversal of morphine-depressed respiration. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1981;219:156-162.

Napimoga MH, Souza GR, Cunha TM. 15d-prostaglandin J2 inhibits inflammatory hypernociception: involvement of peripheral opioid receptor. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2008;324:313-321.

Gutierrez VP, Konno K, Chacur M. Crotalphine induces potent antinociception in neuropathic pain by acting at peripheral opioid receptors. Eur J Pharmacol. 2008;594:84-92.

Abbott FV, Hong Y, Blier P. Activation of 5-HT2A receptors potentiates pain produced by inflammatory mediators. Neuropharmacology. 1996;35:99-110.

Doak GJ, Sawynok J. Formalin induced nociceptive behavior and edema: involvement of multiple peripheral 5-hydroxitryptamine receptor subtypes. Neuroscience. 1997;80:939-949.

Colpaert FC. 5-HT(1A) receptor activation: new molecular and neuroadaptive mechanisms of pain relief. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2006;7:40-47.

5dd2df210e88252516c63493 rba Articles
Links & Downloads

Braz J Anesthesiol

Share this page
Page Sections