Ansiedade no período pré-operatório de cirurgias de mama: estudo comparativo entre pacientes com suspeita de câncer e a serem submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos estéticos

Maria Luiza Melo Alves; Adriana Jucá Pimentel; Álvaro Antônio Guaratini; José Álvaro Marques Marcolino; Judymara Lauzi Gozzani; Ligia Andrade da Silva Telles Mathias

doi:10.1590/S0034-70942007000200003

Artigo Científico

Ansiedade no período pré-operatório de cirurgias de mama: estudo comparativo entre pacientes com suspeita de câncer e a serem submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos estéticos

Preoperative anxiety in surgeries of the breast: a comparative study between patients with suspected breast cancer and that undergoing cosmetic surgery

Maria Luiza Melo Alves; Adriana Jucá Pimentel; Álvaro Antônio Guaratini; José Álvaro Marques Marcolino; Judymara Lauzi Gozzani; Ligia Andrade da Silva Telles Mathias

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942007000200003 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.57, n2, p.147-156, 2007

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JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A avaliação da ansiedade não faz parte da rotina da avaliação pré-anestésica (APA), o que faz com que situações especiais em que o estado emocional dos pacientes possa estar alterado, passem despercebidas pelo anestesiologista. Este estudo visou comparar, no momento da APA ambulatorial, fatores de risco, intensidade e prevalência de ansiedade em pacientes com suspeita de câncer de mama e a serem submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos estéticos de mama. MÉTODO: Após aprovação pelo Comitê de Ética, foram estudadas, no ambulatório de APA, 114 pacientes, ASA I ou II, idade > 14 anos, divididas nos grupos: GMAMA - pacientes com suspeita de câncer de mama; GPLAST - pacientes a serem submetidas à cirurgia plástica estética. Após consentimento esclarecido, as pacientes responderam o teste de avaliação de ansiedade (IDATE - Inventário de Ansiedade Traço-Estado) antes da avaliação pré-anestésica. Foram analisados: dados sociodemográficos; experiência com procedimentos cirúrgicos anteriores; número e percentual de pacientes com ansiedade baixa, moderada e alta (IDATE I e II); mediana das pontuações das escalas IDATE I e II. RESULTADOS: Os grupos foram homogêneos em relação aos dados sociodemográficos e experiência com procedimentos cirúrgicos anteriores. Observou-se diferença significativa dos níveis e prevalência de ansiedade-estado (IDATE I). Não foram identificados fatores de risco para ansiedade-estado e ansiedade-traço. CONCLUSÕES: As pacientes com suspeita de câncer de mama a serem submetidas à retirada de nódulo ou tecido mamário para diagnóstico apresentaram níveis e prevalência de ansiedade-estado alta maiores do que as pacientes a serem submetidas a mamoplastias; os níveis e a prevalência de ansiedade-traço foram similares nos dois grupos e não foram identificados fatores de risco para ansiedade-estado e ansiedade-traço.

Palavras-chave

AVALIAÇÃO PRÉ-ANESTÉSICA, CIRURGIA, Ginecológica, Plástica

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of anxiety is not part of the routine pre-anesthetic evaluation (APA). Therefore, special situations in which patients might present altered mood will go unnoticed by the anesthesiologist. The objective of this study was to compare, at the moment of the outpatient basis APA, the risk factors, severity, and prevalence of anxiety in patients with suspected breast cancer and those undergoing cosmetic surgery of the breast. METHODS: After approval by the Ethics Committee, 114 patients, ASA I or II, 14 years or older, were studied at the APA clinic; they were divided in two groups: GMAMA - patients with suspected breast cancer; GPLAST - patients undergoing cosmetic surgery. After signing the informed consent, patients answered the anxiety evaluation test (STAI - State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) before the preanesthetic evaluation. The following parameters were analyzed: socio-demographic data; prior experience with surgical procedures; number and percentage of patients with low, moderate, or high anxiety (STAI I and II); and median of the STAI I and II scores. RESULTS: Both groups were homogenous regarding the socio-demographic data and prior experience with surgical procedures. There was a significant difference in the levels and prevalence of anxiety-state (STAI I). No risk factors for anxiety-state and anxiety-trait were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with suspected breast cancer scheduled for nodulectomy or removal of breast tissue for diagnosis, had higher levels and prevalence of anxiety-state than patients undergoing mammaplasty; the levels and prevalence of anxiety-trait were similar in both groups; no risk factors for anxiety-state and anxiety-trait were identified.

Keywords

PREANESTHETIC EVALUATION, SURGERY, Gynecologic, Plastic

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Ansiedade no período pré-operatório de cirurgias de mama: estudo comparativo entre pacientes com suspeita de câncer e a serem submetidas a procedimentos cirúrgicos estéticos

Preoperative anxiety in surgeries of the breast: a comparative study between patients with suspected breast cancer and that undergoing cosmetic surgery

Maria Luiza Melo Alves; Adriana Jucá Pimentel; Álvaro Antônio Guaratini; José Álvaro Marques Marcolino; Judymara Lauzi Gozzani; Ligia Andrade da Silva Telles Mathias

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