Ocorrência de hematoma peridural após anestesia geral associada à analgesia pós-operatória com cateter peridural em paciente em uso de heparina de baixo peso molecular: relato de caso

Ranger Cavalcante da Silva; André Morais e Silva; Fernando Santos Laffitte; Gilbert Jamus

doi:10.1590/S0034-70942006000200009

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Ocorrência de hematoma peridural após anestesia geral associada à analgesia pós-operatória com cateter peridural em paciente em uso de heparina de baixo peso molecular: relato de caso

Epidural hematoma after general anesthesia associated with postoperative analgesia with epidural catheter in patient using low molecular weight heparin: case report

Ranger Cavalcante da Silva; André Morais e Silva; Fernando Santos Laffitte; Gilbert Jamus

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942006000200009 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.56, n2, p.174-182, 2006

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JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Apresentar um caso de paciente com hematoma peridural, na vigência do uso de cateter peridural e heparina de baixo peso molecular, seu quadro clínico e tratamento. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo feminino, 75 anos, submetida à fixação de coluna lombar por via anterior, que desenvolveu no pós-operatório quadro clínico de paralisia progressiva nos membros inferiores, com perda de sensibilidade, sem apresentar dor radicular intensa. O tratamento foi descompressão medular imediata, com drenagem e limpeza cirúrgica de hematoma peridural, que se estendia da quinta até a décima vértebra torácica. Após a drenagem do hematoma a paciente recuperou gradualmente a força nos membros inferiores, recebeu alta em 10 dias com quadro de disfunção esfincteriana. Após três meses o quadro regrediu e não houve seqüela neurológica definitiva. CONCLUSÕES: O rápido diagnóstico com intervenção cirúrgica precoce é o tratamento mais eficaz para redução de lesão neurológica, em pacientes que desenvolvem hematoma peridural no pós-operatório. A utilização de heparina de baixo peso molecular, na vigência do uso de cateter peridural, exige a adesão estrita a protocolos estabelecidos, para que se reduzam os riscos do desenvolvimento de hematoma peridural.

Palavras-chave

COMPLICAÇÕES, DROGAS, TÉCNICAS ANESTÉSICAS, Regional

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Presents a patient case with epidural hematoma, in the course of the use of epidural catheter and low molecular weight heparin, her clinical condition and treatment. CASE REPORT: A 75-year old female patient, submitted to the fixation of lumbar spine by anterior route, who, in the postoperative period, developed a clinical condition of progressive paralysis of the lower limbs, with loss of sensitivity and presenting no intense radicular pain. The treatment was the immediate medullar decompression, with drainage and surgical cleaning of a epidural hematoma, which extended from the 5th to the 10th thoracic vertebrae. After the drainage of the hematoma, the patient gradually recovered the strength in the lower limbs, was discharged in ten days with a condition of sphincterian dysfunction. After three months, the condition receded and there was no definitive neurological sequel. CONCLUSIONS: The quick diagnosis with early surgical intervention is the most effective treatment for the reduction of neurological damage, in patients that develop postoperative epidural hematoma. The use of low molecular weight heparin, in the course of the use of epidural catheter, requires the strict compliance with the established protocols so that the risks of epidural hematoma development can be reduced.

Keywords

ANESTHETIC TECHNIQUES, Regional, COMPLICATIONS, DRUGS

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Ocorrência de hematoma peridural após anestesia geral associada à analgesia pós-operatória com cateter peridural em paciente em uso de heparina de baixo peso molecular: relato de caso

Epidural hematoma after general anesthesia associated with postoperative analgesia with epidural catheter in patient using low molecular weight heparin: case report

Ranger Cavalcante da Silva; André Morais e Silva; Fernando Santos Laffitte; Gilbert Jamus

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