Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/rba/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942005000600003
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Levobupivacaína versus bupivacaína em anestesia peridural para cesarianas: estudo comparativo

Levobupivacaine versus bupivacaine in epidural anesthesia for cesarean section: comparative study

Felipe Bergamaschi; Vanessa Rezende Balle; Marcos Emanuel Wortmann Gomes; Sheila Braga Machado; Florentino Fernandes Mendes

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942005000600003 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.55, n6, p.606-613, 2005
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Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O anestésico local bupivacaína é encontrado na forma de dois enantiômeros: levobupivacaína - S (-) e dextrobupivacaína - R (+). Baseado em estudos que demonstram que a cardiotoxicidade é menor com o enantiômero S(-), foi difundido o uso deste agente na prática clínica. Este estudo teve por objetivo comparar a eficácia e a efetividade do uso de bupivacaína racêmica com levobupivacaína em anestesia peridural de pacientes submetidas à cesariana eletiva. MÉTODO: Ensaio clínico aleatório, duplamente encoberto, com gestantes estado físico ASA I e II. As pacientes foram alocadas para receber 20 mL de bupivacaína a 0,5% racêmica ou 20 mL de levobupivacaína a 0,5%, ambas com 10 µg de sufentanil e vasoconstritor. RESULTADOS: Participaram do estudo 47 pacientes, 24 no grupo da levobupivacaína e 23 no grupo da bupivacaína. Os grupos eram comparáveis entre si quanto às características materno-fetais. Decorridos 15 minutos após o término da punção peridural, 62,5% das pacientes do grupo da levobupivacaína tinham Bromage 2 ou 3 versus 72,7% no grupo da bupivacaína (p = 0,83). Aos 20 minutos, 66,7% das pacientes do grupo da levobupivacaína tinham Bromage 2 ou 3 versus 86,3% do grupo da bupivacaína (p = 0,21). A complicação mais freqüente foi a hipotensão arterial, encontrada em 16 (66,7%) pacientes do grupo da levobupivacaína e em 10 (43,5%) pacientes do grupo da bupivacaína (p = 0,11). CONCLUSÕES: A levobupivacaína e a bupivacaína foram igualmente efetivas no bloqueio peridural de pacientes submetidas à cesariana.

Palavras-chave

ANESTÉSICOS, ANESTÉSICOS, CIRURGIA, Obstétrica

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Local anesthetic bupivacaine is found in two different enantiomers: levobupivacaine - S (-) and dextrobupivacaine - R (+). Based on studies showing that S(-) enantiomers are less cardiotoxic, their use has been increasing in clinical practice. This study aimed at comparing racemic bupivacaine and levobupivacaine in epidural anesthesia for elective cesarean section. METHODS: Randomized, double blind clinical trial enrolling physical status ASA I and II parturients. Patients were assigned to receive either 20 mL of 0.5% racemic bupivacaine or 20 mL of 0.5% levobupivacaine, both with 10 µg sufentanil and epinephrine 1:200,000. RESULTS: Participated in this study 47 patients being 24 in the levobupivacaine group and 23 in the bupivacaine group. Both groups were comparable regarding maternal-fetal characteristics. Fifteen minutes after epidural anesthesia, 62.5% of levobupivacaine group patients experienced Bromage 2 or 3 motor block, whereas the same event was documented in 72.7% of bupivacaine group patients (p = 0.83). After 20 minutes, 66.7% of levobupivacaine group patients experienced Bromage 2 or 3 motor block versus 86.3% of bupivacaine group patients (p = 0.21). Most common complication was hypotension, detected in 16 (66.7%) levobupivacaine group patients and in 10 (43.5%) bupivacaine group patients (p = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS: Levobupivacaine and bupivacaine were equally effective for epidural block in patients undergoing cesarean section.

Keywords

ANESTHETICS, ANESTHETICS, SURGERY, Obstetric

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