Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/rba/article/doi/10.1590/S0034-70942005000200010
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Miscellaneous

A serendipidade na medicina e na anestesiologia

Serendipity in medicine and anesthesiology

Nilton Bezerra do Vale; José Delfino; Lúcio Flávio Bezerra do Vale

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942005000200010 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.55, n2, p.224-249, 2005
PDF Português
PDF English
Downloads: 2
Views: 1189

Resumo

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Neste trabalho foram examinados mais de uma centena dos mais felizes acoplamentos de uma mente brilhante com a sorte benfazeja (serendipidade), através da releitura das mais relevantes histórias sobre invenções e descobertas relacionadas à ciência (n = 46), à Medicina (n = 46) e à Anestesiologia (n = 16). CONTEÚDO: Conceito de serendipidade; exemplos célebres de serendipidade em Ciência e Tecnologia; serendipidade na pesquisa e prática médicas; serendipidade na Anestesiologia; serendipidade e criatividade na pesquisa. Através da história do desenvolvimento médico, a natureza provou que o caminho mais efetivo e mais barato na obtenção de drogas, instrumentos e serviços pode ser a sorte fortuita porque muitas descobertas são serendípticas. Este artigo educacional encoraja o anestesiologista a apreciar os eventos relacionados com invenções e descobertas científicas, mostrando-lhe que a serendipidade é possível, desde que seja aguardada. Cada descoberta ou invenção inclui história, biografia e explicação científica ou anedótica. Além das descobertas tradicionais como pão, vinho, gravidade, fotografia, velcro, air-bag, etc., há outras relacionadas à Medicina (microscópio, Raio X, vacina, penicilina, insulina, laser, esfregaço de Papanicolaou, etc.), e à Anestesiologia, como: isomeria, luvas, N2O, éter, barbitúrico, benzodiazepínicos, tampão sangüíneo, entre outros. Criatividade e serendipidade podem servir de linha mestra para pesquisa clínica e básica de invenções pioneiras para avanços médicos e anestesiológicos. Realmente, devem-se controlar tópicos relacionados com biologia, anatomia, física, química, fisiologia, farmacologia, astronomia, arqueologia e... muita sorte. CONCLUSÕES: Embora acidentes na pesquisa e na sala de operação sejam lamentáveis, há aqueles que acontecem e, às vezes, podem levar a avanços espetaculares, como tratamentos heróicos e até Prêmios Nobel. Manter a mente aberta é um traço comum àqueles que ensejam contar com a sorte grande, como afirmava o físico americano Henry (1842): "As sementes da descoberta flutuam constantemente à nossa volta, mas apenas lançam raízes nas mentes bem preparadas para recebê-las".

Palavras-chave

ANESTESIA, ANESTESIA, MEDICINA, SERENDIPIDADE

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study has evaluated more than a hundred of the most fortunate couplings of a brilliant mind with fortunate luck (serendipity), through the re-reading of most relevant histories on science-related (n = 46) and anesthesiology-related (n = 16) inventions and discoveries. CONTENTS: This educational article encourages anesthesiologists to appreciate events related to scientific inventions and discoveries, showing that serendipity is possible, provided it is expected. Each discovery or invention includes history, references and scientific or anecdotal explanation. In addition to traditional discoveries, such as wine, gravity, photograph, Velcro, airbag, etc., there are other Medicine-related (microscope, X-rays, vaccine, penicillin, insulin, laser, Paps smear, etc.) and Anesthesiology-related (isometry, gloves, N2O, ether, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, blood patch, etc.) discoveries. Creativity and serendipity may act as cornerstones for clinical and basic research of pioneer inventions for medical and anesthesiologic advances. In fact, topics related to biology, anatomy, physics, chemistry, physiology, pharmacology, astronomy and archeology should be master and … lots of luck. CONCLUSIONS: Although research and operating room accidents are regrettable, some of them happen and may sometimes lead to spectacular advances, such as heroic treatments and even Nobel Prizes. Open-mindedness is a common trait to those willing to count on grand prize, as American physicist Henry would state (1842): "Seeds of discovery are constantly floating around us, but the onlytake roots in minds well prepared to receive them".

Keywords

ANESTHESIA, ANESTHESIA, MEDICINE, SERENDIPITY

References

Cannon WB. The way of an Investigator. 1945:10-45.

Kuhn T. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. 1962.

Beveridge WIB. Sementes da Descoberta Científica. 1981:20.

Beveridge WIB. The art of Scientific Investigation. 1957:30.

Lentin JP. Penso, Logo me Engano. 1996.

Bigelow HJ. Insensibility during surgical operations produced by inhalation. Boston Med Surg J. 1846;309:379-382.

Harrison RG. Observations on the living developing nerve fiber. Anatomical Record. 1907;1(5):1.

Anichkov N, Chalatov S. Euber experimentelle cholestetinsteattose - Ihre Bedeutung für die Enstehung einiger pathologischer Proessen: Centr F Allegem Pathol. Patholog Anat. 1913;1:1.

Brown MS, Goldstein JL. Lipoprotein receptors in the liver: Control signals for plasma cholesterol traffic. J Clin Invest. 1983;72:743-747.

Fleming A. On the antibactyerial action of cultures of penicillium, with special reference to their use in silation of H influenzae. Br J Exp Pathol. 1929;35:226-232.

Carrel A. Rejuvenation of culture of tissues. J Am Med Assoc. 1911;57:1611-1617.

Watson D, Crick FHC. Genetic implications of the structure of deoxyribonucleic acid. Nature. 1953;171:946-967.

Friedman M, Friedland GW. As dez Maiores Descobertas da Medicina. 2001.

Wynn CM, Wiggins AW. As Cinco Maiores Idéias da Ciência. 2002.

Pasternak GP. A Ciência: Deus ou o Diabo?. 1999.

Bovet D. Vitórias da Química. 1993.

Gordon R. A Assustadora História da Medicina. 1996.

Thorwald J. O Século dos Cirurgiões. 1995.

Margotta R. História Ilustrada da Medicina. 1998.

Goodman LA. Notes on the etymology of serendipity and some related philological observations. Modern Language Notes. 1961;76:454-457.

Johnson RJ, Kaplan HB. Corrigendum: methodology, technology and serendipity. Social Psychology Quarterly. 1987;50:352-354.

Roberts RM. Serendipity: Accidental Discoveries in Science. 1989:25.

Hariharasubramanian N. Serendipity in medicine. The Antiseptic. 2000;99:138.

Lewis WS, Smith WH, Lam GL. Horace Walpole's Correspondence with Sir Horace Mann. 1960.

Keller W. A Bíblia tinha Razão. 1995.

Said Ali M. Gramática Histórica de Língua Portuguesa. 1964.

Glass L, Mackey MC. Dos Relógios ao Caos. 1997.

Menna-Barreto L, Marques N. Cronobiologia: Princípios e Aplicações. 1997.

Rodriguez F. Principles of Polymer Systems. 1996.

Penzias AA, Wilson RW. A measurement of excess antenna temperature at 4080 Mc/s. Astrophys J. 1965;142:419-421.

Lent R. Cem Bilhões de Neurônios: Conceitos Fundamentais de Neurociência. 2001.

Kolb B, Whishaw IQ. Neurociência do Comportamento. 2002.

Lewinsohn R. Carlos Chagas, precocidade e ressentimento. Scient Am Brasil. 2003;18:18-22.

Hardman JG, Limbird LE, Gilman AG. The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. 2001.

Silva P. Farmacologia. 2002.

Zasloff M. Antibiotic peptides as mediators of innate inmunity. Curr Opin Immunol. 1992;4:3-7.

Bates DW, Cullen DJ, Laird N. Incidence of adverse drug events and potential adverse drug events: Implication for prevention. JAMA. 1995;274:29-34.

Boolell M, Gepi-Attee S, Gingell JC. Sildenafil, a novel effective oral therapy for male erectile dysfunction. Br J Urol. 1996;78:257-261.

Simonetti MPB. Clonidina: de descongestionante nasal a analgésico potente. Considerações históricas e farmacológicas. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 1997;47:37-47.

Kauppila A, Anunti P, Kivinen S. Metoclopramide and breast feeding: efficacy and anterior pituitary responses of the mother and the child. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1985;19:19-22.

Piccinin GL, Piccirilli M, Finali G. MPTP: a new chapter in the history of Parkinson's disease. Riv Neurol. 1989;59:103-107.

van Gerpen JA. Drug-induced parkinsonism. Neurologist. 2002;8:363-370.

Xiao YL, Fu JM, Dong Z. Neuroprotective mechanism of modafinil on Parkinson disease induced by 1-methyl-4- phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2004;25:301-305.

Schofield FW. Damaged sweet clover; the cause of a new disease in cattle simulating haemorrhagic septicemia and blackleg. J Am Vet Med Ass. 1924;64:553-556.

Pletscher A. The discovery of antidepressants: a winding path. Experientia. 1991;47:4-8.

Fink M. Meduna and the origins of convulsive therapy. Am J Psychiatry. 1984;141:1034-1041.

Abrams R. Electroconvulsive Therapy. 1988.

Schwab RS, England AC Jr, Poskanzer DC. Amantadine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. JAMA. 1969;208:1168-1170.

Furchgott RF, Zawadzki JV. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetocholine. Nature. 1980;288:373-376.

Ignarro LJ, Buga GM, Wood KS. Endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced and released from artery and vein is nitric oxide. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1987;84:9265-9269.

Palmer RM, Ferrige AG, Moncada S. Nitric oxide release accounts for the biological activity of endothelium-derived relaxing factor. Nature. 1987;327:524-526.

Euler H, von Erdtman H. Üeber Gramin aus schwedischen Gerstensippen. AdC. 1935;520:1-4.

Erdtman H, Löfgren N. Über eine neue Gruppe von lokalanästhetisch wirksamen Verbindungen. SvKT. 1937;49:163-166.

Goldberg L. Pharmacological properties of xylocaine. Sv Tandl Tidskr. 1947;40:819-823.

Gordh T. Xylocain: a new local analgesic. Anaesthesia. 1949;4:4-6.

Holmdahl MH. Xylocain (lidocaine, lignocaine), its discovery and Gordh's contribution to its clinical use. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 1998;113:8-12.

Simonetti MPB, Batista RA, Ferreira FMC. Estereoisomeria: a interface da tecnologia industrial de medicamentos e da racionalização terapêutica. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 1998;48:390-399.

Simonetti MPB. Manipulação da relação enantiomérica da bupivacaína. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 1999;49:416.

Vale NB, Delfino J. Da cosmologia à estereosseletividade na anestesia regional - Novo desafio à Indústria Farmacêutica. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2000;50:254-262.

Corning JL. Spinal Anaesthesia and Local Medication of the Cord. N Y Med J. 1885;42:483-485.

Vale NB, Menezes AAL, Capriglione M. Cronofarmacologia e Anestesiologia. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 1990;40:29-37.

Vale NB, Silva Neto JD, Magalhães Fº EB. Anestesia subaracnóidea com bupivacaína 0, 5% e lidocaína 2% isentas de glicose e em dose fixa - da eficácia/toxicidade matutina e vespertina. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 1995;45:301-307.

Warltier DC, Kersten JR, Pagel PS. Editorial view: anesthetic preconditioning: serendipity and science. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:1-3.

de Klaver MJ, Manning L, Palmer LA. Isoflurane pretreatment inhibits cytokine-induced cell death in cultured rat smooth muscle cells and human endothelial cells. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:24-32.

De Hert SG, ten Broecke PW, Mertens E. Sevoflurane but not propofol preserves myocardial function in coronary surgery patients. Anesthesiology. 2002;97:42-49.

Bier A. Versuche uber Cocainisirung des Ruckenmarkes. (Experimentos na cocainização do medula espinhal). Deutsche Zeitschrift fur Chirurgie. 1899;51:361-369.

Gormley JB. Treatment of postspinal headache. Anesthesiology. 1960;21:565-566.

DiGiovanni AJ, Dunbar BS. Epidural injections of autologous blood for postlumbar-puncture headache. Anesth Analg. 1970;49:268-271.

DiGiovanni AJ, Galbert MW, Wahle WM. Epidural injection of autologous blood for post lumbar-puncture headache: II. Additional clinical experiences and laboratory investigation. Anesth Analg. 1972;51:226-232.

Abouleish E, de la Vega S, Blandinger I. Long term follow-up of epidural blood patch. Anesth Analg. 1975;54:459-463.

Safa-Tisseront V, Thormann F, Malassine P. Effectiveness of epidural blood patch in the management of post-dural puncture headache. Anesthesiology. 2001;95:334-339.

Turnbull DK, Shepherd DB. Post-dural puncture headache: pathogenesis, prevention and treatment. Br J Anaesth. 2004;92:449-450.

5dd7d32f0e88257d3b13f286 rba Articles
Links & Downloads
2352-2291 (Electronic) 0104-0014 (Printed)
Braz J Anesthesiol ©2024 All rights reserved.

Braz J Anesthesiol

Share this page
Page Sections