Avaliação hemodinâmica e metabólica da infusão contínua de dexmedetomidina e de remifentanil em colecistectomia videolaparoscópica: estudo comparativo

Thatiany Pereira Chaves; Josenília Maria Alves Gomes; Francisco Elano Carvalho Pereira; Sara Lúcia Cavalcante; Ilse M. Tigre de Arruda Leitão; Hipólito Sousa Monte; Rodrigo Dornfeld Escalante

doi:10.1590/S0034-70942003000400001

Scientific Article

Avaliação hemodinâmica e metabólica da infusão contínua de dexmedetomidina e de remifentanil em colecistectomia videolaparoscópica: estudo comparativo

Hemodynamic and metabolic evaluation of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil continuous infusion in videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy: comparative study

Thatiany Pereira Chaves; Josenília Maria Alves Gomes; Francisco Elano Carvalho Pereira; Sara Lúcia Cavalcante; Ilse M. Tigre de Arruda Leitão; Hipólito Sousa Monte; Rodrigo Dornfeld Escalante

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942003000400001 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.53, n4, p.419-430, 2003

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JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dexmedetomidina tem sido utilizada para sedação e como coadjuvante em anestesia geral. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a resposta cardiovascular e simpático-adrenal à intubação traqueal e à insuflação do pneumoperitônio, comparando-a ao remifentanil durante anestesia com sevoflurano para colecistectomia videolaparoscópica. MÉTODO: Foram incluídos no estudo 42 pacientes, estado físico ASA I ou II, com idades entre 25 e 55 anos, distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos: GI e GII. A indução da anestesia foi realizada com infusão contínua de 1 µg.kg-1 de dexmedetomidina (GI) ou remifentanil (GII), durante 10 minutos, seguido de propofol e cisatracúrio. A manutenção da anestesia foi realizada com a infusão contínua de 0,7 µg.kg-1.h-1 de dexmedetomidina ou 0,5 µg.kg-1.h-1 de remifentanil e concentrações variadas de sevoflurano. Foram anotadas a PAS, PAD e FC nos momentos: M1 - antes do início da infusão inicial da droga; M2 - após término da infusão inicial da droga; M3 - após a intubação orotraqueal; M4 - antes do início do pneumoperitônio; M5 - após o pneumoperitônio; M6 - cinco minutos após desinsuflado o pneumoperitônio, M7 - após extubação traqueal. Em M4, M5 e M6 foram dosadas adrenalina e noradrenalina. A concentração expirada (CE) do sevoflurano, a relação CE/CAM, consumo de sevoflurano foram registrados em M4, M5 e M6. RESULTADOS: Variações na PAS e PAD foram maiores no grupo da dexmedetomidina em M4 a M5. A FC e os níveis de adrenalina e noradrenalina não apresentaram diferença entre os grupos. A CE do sevoflurano foi maior em M4 e M6 no GI, assim como a CE/CAM. No GI, o consumo de sevoflurano foi maior e observou-se uma tendência para menor consumo de analgésicos e antieméticos. CONCLUSÕES: Nas condições deste estudo, a dexmedetomidina inibiu a liberação de catecolaminas durante a intubação orotraqueal e o pneumoperitônio, porém, não impediu o aumento da pressão arterial em resposta à insuflação peritoneal.

Palavras-chave

ANALGÉSICOS, ANALGÉSICOS, CIRURGIA, CIRURGIA, HIPNÓTICOS

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Dexmedetomidine has been used for sedation and as coadjuvant drug in general anesthesia. This study aimed at evaluating cardiovascular and sympathetic-adrenal responses to tracheal intubation and pneumoperitoneum inflation with dexmedetomidine, as compared to remifentanil during anesthesia with sevoflurane for videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy. METHODS: Forty two physical status ASA I or II patients, aged 25 to 55 years, were randomly distributed in two groups: GI and GII. Anesthesia was induced with 1 µg.kg-1 dexmedetomidine (GI) or remifentanil (GII) continuous infusion for 10 minutes, followed by propofol and cisatracurium. Anesthesia was maintained with 0.7 µg.kg-1.h-1 dexmedetomidine or 0.5 µg.kg-1.h-1 remifentanil continuous infusion and different sevoflurane concentrations. SBP, DBP and HR were recorded in the following moments: M1 - before initial drug infusion; M2 - after end of initial drug infusion; M3 - after tracheal intubation; M4 - before pneumoperitoneum; M5 - after pneumoperitoneum; M6 - five minutes after pneumoperitoneum deflation; M7 - after tracheal extubation. Epinephrine and norepinephrine were dosed in M4, M5 and M6. Sevoflurane expired concentration (EC), EC/MAC ratio and sevoflurane consumption were recorded in M4, M5 and M6. RESULTS: SBP and DBP variations were higher in the dexmedetomidine group in M4 and M5. HR, epinephrine and norepinephrine levels were similar between groups. Sevoflurane EC was higher in M4 and M6 for GI, as well as EC/MAC ratio. There has been a higher sevoflurane consumption in GI, with a trend to less analgesics and anti-emetics consumption. CONCLUSIONS: In the conditions of our study, dexmedetomidine has inhibited catecholamine release during tracheal intubation and pneumoperitoneum, however, has not prevented blood pressure increase in response to peritoneal inflation.

Keywords

ANALGESICS, ANALGESICS, HIPNOTICS, SURGERY, SURGERY

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Avaliação hemodinâmica e metabólica da infusão contínua de dexmedetomidina e de remifentanil em colecistectomia videolaparoscópica: estudo comparativo

Hemodynamic and metabolic evaluation of dexmedetomidine and remifentanil continuous infusion in videolaparoscopic cholecystectomy: comparative study

Thatiany Pereira Chaves; Josenília Maria Alves Gomes; Francisco Elano Carvalho Pereira; Sara Lúcia Cavalcante; Ilse M. Tigre de Arruda Leitão; Hipólito Sousa Monte; Rodrigo Dornfeld Escalante

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