Delírio pós-anestésico

Pedro Poso Ruiz-Neto; Neli A. Moreira; Maria Elizabet Furlaneto

doi:10.1590/S0034-70942002000200013

Review Article

Delírio pós-anestésico

Postanesthetic delirium

Pedro Poso Ruiz-Neto; Neli A. Moreira; Maria Elizabet Furlaneto

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-70942002000200013 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.52, n2, p.242-250, 2002

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JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Delírio pós-anestésico (DPA) é um distúrbio mental agudo, que se desenvolve mais freqüentemente em pacientes geriátricos. A fisiopatologia do DPA é pouco compreendida e muitas vezes pode ser confundido com outros distúrbios psiquiátricos. Neste estudo são revistos aspectos importantes dessa complicação anestésica em pacientes geriátricos. CONTEÚDO: São descritos os mecanismos fisiopatológicos, diagnóstico e o tratamento do DPA. CONCLUSÕES: Delírio é uma complicação comum e importante no pós-operatório de pacientes idosos. Tem sido relativamente negligenciado por pesquisadores e poucos estudos prospectivos têm sido conduzidos. Em nosso meio não há estudos epidemiológicos disponíveis, mas a observação clínica diária nas salas de recuperação pós-anestésica e enfermaria nos mostra que a ocorrência de DPA é freqüente, o que nos leva a crer na necessidade de melhor avaliação pré-operatória, adequado cuidado perioperatório e diagnóstico e tratamento precoces.

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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Postanesthetic Delirium (PAD) is a common acute mental disorder most commonly developed in elderly patients. Its pathophysiology is poorly understood and PAD is often confused with others psychiatric disorders. This study aimed at reviewing important features of this anesthetic complication in geriatric patients. CONTENTS: Postanesthetic delirium pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment are described. CONCLUSIONS: Postanesthetic delirium is a frequent and severe complication for geriatric patients. Little attention has been given to PAD and few prospective studies have been carried out. There are no available epidemiological studies on this subject in Brazil, nonetheless routine observation of geriatric patients admitted to postanesthetic care units and wards shows that PAD is a common event, suggesting the need for better preoperative assessment, adequate perioperative care and early diagnosis and treatment.

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Delírio pós-anestésico

Postanesthetic delirium

Pedro Poso Ruiz-Neto; Neli A. Moreira; Maria Elizabet Furlaneto

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