The effect of low dose intra-articular S(+) ketamine on osteoarthritis in rats: an experimental study
O efeito da cetamina S(+) intra-articular em baixas doses na osteoartrite em ratos: um estudo experimental
Eugênio dos Santos Neto, Pedro Paulo de Alcantara Pedro, Maria do Socorro de Sousa Cartágenes, José Osvaldo Barbosa Neto, João Batista Santos Garcia
Abstract
Background
This study aimed to investigate the analgesic impact of S(+)-ketamine on pain behavior and synovial inflammation in an osteoarthritis (OA) model.
Methods
Animals were grouped as follows: OA-Saline (n = 24) and OA-Ketamine (n = 24), OA induced via intra-articular sodium monoiodoacetate (MIA); a Non-OA group (n = 24) served as the control. On the 7th day post OA induction, animals received either saline or S(+)-ketamine (0.5 mg.kg−1). Behavioral and histopathological assessments were conducted up to day 28.
Results
S(+)-ketamine reduced allodynia from day 7 to 28 and hyperalgesia from day 10 to 28. It notably alleviated weight distribution deficits from day 10 until the end of the study. Significant walking improvement was observed on day 14 in S(+)-ketamine-treated rats. Starting on day 14, OA groups showed grip force decline, which was countered by S(+)-ketamine on day 21. However, S(+)-ketamine did not diminish synovial inflammation.
Conclusion
Low Intra-articular (IA) doses of S(+)-ketamine reduced MIA-induced OA pain but did not reverse synovial histopathological changes.
Keywords
Resumo
Introdução
Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar o impacto analgésico da S(+)-cetamina no comportamento da dor e na inflamação sinovial em um modelo de osteoartrite (OA).
Métodos
Os animais foram agrupados da seguinte forma: OA-Salina (n = 24) e OA-Cetamina (n = 24), OA induzida via monoiodoacetato de sódio (MIA) intra-articular; um grupo sem OA (n = 24) serviu como controle. No 7º dia após a indução da OA, os animais receberam solução salina ou S(+)-cetamina (0,5 mg.kg−1). Avaliações comportamentais e histopatológicas foram realizadas até o dia 28.
Resultados
A S(+)-cetamina reduziu a alodinia do dia 7 ao 28 e a hiperalgesia do dia 10 ao 28. Aliviou notavelmente os déficits de distribuição de peso do dia 10 até o final do estudo. Melhora significativa na caminhada foi observada no dia 14 em ratos tratados com S(+)-cetamina. A partir do dia 14, os grupos com OA apresentaram declínio da força de preensão, que foi contrabalançado pela S(+)-cetamina no dia 21. No entanto, a S(+)-cetamina não diminuiu a inflamação sinovial.
Conclusão
Baixas doses intra-articulares (IA) de S(+)-cetamina reduziram a dor de OA induzida por MIA, mas não reverteram as alterações histopatológicas sinoviais.
Palavras-chave
References
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Submitted date:
03/21/2023
Accepted date:
03/04/2024