Preoperative fasting for the infusion of “yerba mate”: a randomized clinical trial with ultrasound evaluation of gastric contents
Jejum pré-operatório para infusão de erva- -mate: ensaio clínico randomizado com avaliação ultrassonográfica do conteúdo gástrico
Paola Alcarraz, Liliana Servente, Federico Kuster, Leticia Duarte, Mariela Garau, María Desirello, Lourdes Blanc, Nelson Bracesco, Anahi Perlas
Abstract
Background
The traditional infusion of “yerba mate” is widely consumed in South America and exported to countries around the world. Although generally considered a “clear fluid”, there is no data to date on the gastric emptying time of yerba mate and safe preoperative fasting intervals. The objective of this study was to evaluate the gastric emptying time of a standardized infusion of yerba mate using bedside ultrasound and compare it with the time confirm of hot and cold tea.
Methods
This was a prospective, randomized crossover experimental study. Thirty healthy volunteers were evaluated after 8 hours of fasting for both fluids and solids. Gastric antral area and gastric volume were evaluated at baseline and every 20 minutes after drinking 300 mL of randomly assigned infusion of “yerba mate”, hot tea, or cold tea.
Results
The mean gastric emptying time was: 69.7 ± 22.1 min, 63.1 ± 14.5 min, and 64.3 ± 23.5 min for the mate, hot tea, and cold tea respectively. No significant differences were found in emptying time among the infusion groups (p-value = 0.043). When same time measures were compared, the only significant difference detected was between hot teas and mate infusion at 20 minutes (p-value = 0.012)
Conclusion
Yerba mate infusion has a similar gastric emptying time to that of tea. All subject's gastric volume returned to baseline values by 100 minutes. It is reasonable to recommend a similar fasting period of 2 hours for mate infusion prior to elective surgery.
Keywords
Resumo
Justificativa: A tradicional infusão de erva-mate é amplamente consumida na América do Sul e exportada para países de todo o mundo. Embora geralmente considerado um “fluido claro”, não há dados até o momento sobre o tempo de esvaziamento gástrico da erva-mate e intervalos seguros de jejum pré-operatório. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o tempo de esvaziamento gástrico de uma infusão padronizada de erva-mate utilizando ultrassonografia à beira do leito e compará-lo com o tempo de confirmação do chá quente e frio. Métodos: Este foi um estudo experimental prospectivo, randomizado e cruzado. Trinta voluntários saudáveis foram avaliados após 8 horas de jejum para líquidos e sólidos. A área gástrica antral e o volume gástrico foram avaliados no início e a cada 20 minutos após a ingestão de 300 mL de infusão aleatoriamente designada de “erva-mate”, chá quente ou chá frio. Resultados: O tempo médio de esvaziamento gástrico foi: 69,7 ± 22,1 min, 63,1 ± 14,5 min e 64,3 ± 23,5 min para o mate, chá quente e chá frio, respectivamente. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas no tempo de esvaziamento entre os grupos de infusão (valor de p = 0,043). Quando as medidas de mesmo tempo foram comparadas, a única diferença significativa detectada foi entre chás quentes e infusão de mate aos 20 minutos (valor de p = 0,012) Conclusão: A infusão de erva-mate tem um tempo de esvaziamento gástrico semelhante ao do chá. O volume gástrico de todos os indivíduos retornou aos valores basais em 100 minutos. É razoável recomendar um período de jejum semelhante de 2 horas para infusão de mate antes de cirurgia eletiva.
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References
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