Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/rba/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2021.12.001
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Case Report

Transfusion-related acute lung injury and treatment with high-flow oxygen therapy in a pediatric patient: a case report

Lesão pulmonar aguda relacionada à transfusão e tratamento com oxigenoterapia de alto fluxo em paciente pediátrico: relato de caso

Cengiz Sahutoglu, Cansu Balci, Taner Balcioglu

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Abstract

Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI) is an immune-inflammatory lung pathology that manifests within the first 6–72 hours after administration of blood products. However, due to reduced awareness of TRALI, it continues to be an underreported and often underdiagnosed complication of transfusion therapy. We report a case of a 6-year-old girl with myelodysplastic syndrome and TRALI developed in the first hour after platelet transfusion. Diagnosis of TRALI is based on the exclusion of etiologic factors such as volume overload and cardiogenic pulmonary edema following transfusion. Symptoms responded to high-flow oxygen therapy, so intubation was not attempted and full recovery was achieved.

Keywords

Transfusion-related acute lung injury; Blood transfusion; Pediatrics; Oxygen inhalation therapy; Case report

Resumo

A Lesão Pulmonar Aguda Relacionada à Transfusão (TRALI) é uma patologia pulmonar imunoinflamatória que se manifesta nas primeiras 6 a 72 horas após a administração de hemoderivados. No entanto, devido à redução do conhecimento da TRALI, ela continua a ser uma complicação subnotificada e muitas vezes subdiagnosticada da terapia transfusional. Relatamos o caso de uma menina de 6 anos com síndrome mielodisplásica e TRALI desenvolvida na primeira hora após transfusão de plaquetas. O diagnóstico de TRALI baseia-se na exclusão de fatores etiológicos como sobrecarga de volume e edema pulmonar cardiogênico após transfusão. Os sintomas responderam à oxigenoterapia de alto fluxo, portanto a intubação não foi tentada e a recuperação total foi alcançada.

Palavras-chave

Lesão pulmonar aguda relacionada à transfusão; Transfusão de sangue; Pediatria; Terapia de inalação de oxigênio; Relato de caso

References

1. Goldman M, Webert KE, Arnold DM, Freedman J, Hannon J, Blajchman MA. TRALI Consensus Panel. Proceedings of a consensus conference: towards an understanding of TRALI. Transfus Med Rev. 2005;19:2−31.

2. Roubinian N. TACO and TRALI: biology, risk factors, and prevention strategies. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2018;2018:585−94.

3. Murphy EL, Kwaan N, Looney MR, et al. Risk factors and outcomes in transfusion-associated circulatory overload. Am J Med. 2013;126:357. e29-38.

4. Semple JW, Rebetz J, Kapur R. Transfusion-associated circulatory overload and transfusion-related acute lung injury. Blood. 2019;133:1840−3.

5. Frat JP, Coudroy R, Thille AW. Noninvasive ventilation or highflow oxygen therapy: When to choose one over the other? Respirology. 2019;24:724−31.


Submitted date:
03/06/2021

Accepted date:
12/05/2021

62169416a9539518382dc7d3 rba Articles
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Braz J Anesthesiol

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