Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and epidemiological profile of Brazilian anesthesiologists during the COVID-19 pandemic: cross-sectional study
Fatores de risco de infecção por SARS-CoV-2 e perfil epidemiológico de médicos anestesiologistas brasileiros durante a pandemia por COVID-19: estudo transversal.
Luiz Guilherme Villares da Costa; Frederico de Lima Jacy Monteiro; Júlia Koerich de Souza; Verônica Neves Fialho Queiroz; Fábio de Vasconcelos Papa
Abstract
Introduction
The devasting effects of COVID-19 have caused economic and health impacts worldwide. Anesthesiologists were one of the key professionals fighting the pandemic and have been highly exposed at their multiple sites of clinical practice. Thus, the importance of determining the nature of the infection in this population that provides care to SARS-CoV-2 patients.
Method
We conducted a cross-sectional study administering an online questionnaire to examine the demographic and epidemiological profile of these professionals in Brazil, and to describe the risk factors for viral infection during the pandemic.
Results
A total of 1,127 anesthesiologists answered the questionnaire, 55.2% were men, more than 90% with age below 60 years, with infection and reinfection rates of 14.7% and 0.5%, respectively, and 47.2% reported a significant income reduction. The predictors of COVID-19 contamination were practicing in operating rooms (OR = 0.42; 95% CI 0.23–0.78), direct contact with infected patients (OR = 5.74; 95% CI 3.05–11.57), indirect contact with infected patients (OR = 2.43; 95% CI 1.13–5.33), working in a pre-hospital setting (OR = 2.36; 95% CI 1.04–5.03), and presence of immunosuppression, except for cancer (OR = 4.89; 95% CI 1.16–19.01).
Conclusion
COVID-19 had enormous consequences on Brazilian anesthesiologists regarding sociodemographic aspects and contamination rates (5.57 times higher than in the general population). These are alarming and unprecedented findings for this professional group, as they reveal the considerable risk of infection and its independent predictor variables.
Keywords
Resumo
Justificativa: A COVID-19 assolou o mundo com grande impacto econômico e sanitário. O anestesiologista foi um dos profissionais centrais no combate à pandemia, extremamente exposto em múltiplos locais de atuação. Posto isso, fazem-se necessários estudos para determinar o caráter da infecção nessa população, que cuida de pacientes acometidos pelo SARS-CoV-2. Método: Conduziu-se estudo transversal por questionário online para investigação do perfil demográfico e epidemiológico desses profissionais no Brasil, e relacionar fatores de risco de contágio pelo vírus durante a pandemia. Resultados: Um total de 1127 anestesiologistas responderam o questionário, 55,2% foram homens, abaixo de 60 anos (> 90%), com taxa de contágio e reinfecção de 14,7% e 0,5%, respectivamente e redução salarial significativa (47,2%). Os preditores de contaminação por COVID-19 foram: atuação em centro cirúrgico (OR = 0,42; IC95% 0,23-0,78), contato direto com pacientes infectados (OR = 5,74; IC95% 3,05-11,57), contato indireto com pacientes infectados (OR = 2,43; IC95% 1,13-5,33), atuação em ambiente pré-hospitalar (OR = 2,36; IC95% 1,04-5,03) e presença de imunossupressão, exceto por câncer (OR = 4,89; IC95% 1,16-19,01). Conclusão: A COVID-19 teve enormes consequências aos anestesiologistas brasileiros tanto em termos sociodemográficos, quanto em questão de contaminação (5,57 vezes maior do que na população geral). Estes achados são alarmantes e inéditos nesse grupo profissional, à medida que evidenciam o enorme risco de contágio e suas variáveis preditoras independentes.
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References
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