Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/rba/article/doi/10.1016/j.bjane.2015.08.004
Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology
Scientific Article

Effects of lidocaine and magnesium sulfate in attenuating hemodynamic response to tracheal intubation: single-center, prospective, double-blind, randomized study

Os efeitos da lidocaína e do sulfato de magnésio na atenuação da resposta hemodinâmica à intubação orotraqueal: estudo unicêntrico, prospectivo, duplamente encoberto e aleatorizado

Fabricio Tavares Mendonça; Lucas Macedo da Graça Medeiros de Queiroz; Cristina Carvalho Rolim Guimarães; Alexandre Cordeiro Duarte Xavier

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bjane.2015.08.004 Braz J Anesthesiol, vol.67, n1, p.50-56, 2017
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Abstract

Abstract Background and objectives: Hemodynamic response to airway stimuli is a common phenomenon and its management is important to reduce the systemic repercussions. The objective of this study is to compare the efficacy of intravenous magnesium sulfate versus lidocaine on this reflex hemodynamics after laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. Methods: This single-center, prospective, double-blind, randomized study evaluated 56 patients ASA 1 or 2, aged 18-65 years, scheduled for elective surgeries under general anesthesia with intubation. The patients were allocated into two groups: Group F received 30 mg·kg-1 of magnesium sulphate and Group L, 2 mg·kg-1 of lidocaine, continuous infusion, immediately before the anesthetic induction. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and bispectral index (BIS) were measured in both groups at six different times related to administration of the study drugs. Results: In both groups there was an increase in HR and BP after laryngoscopy and intubation, compared to baseline. Group M showed statistically significant increase in the values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure after intubation, which was clinically unimportant. There was no difference in the BIS values between groups. Among patients receiving magnesium sulfate, three (12%) had high blood pressure versus only one among those receiving lidocaine (4%), with no statistical difference. Conclusion: Magnesium sulfate and lidocaine have good efficacy and safety for hemodynamic management in laryngoscopy and intubation.

Keywords

Laryngoscopy, Tracheal intubation, Lidocaine, Magnesium sulphate, Cardiovascular physiological phenomena

Resumo

Resumo Justificativa e objetivos: A resposta hemodinâmica aos estímulos das vias aéreas é um fenômeno comum e seu controle é importante para diminuir as repercussões sistêmicas. O objetivo deste trabalho é comparar os efeitos da administração endovenosa de sulfato de magnésio versus lidocaína na hemodinâmica desse reflexo após a laringoscopia e intubação orotraqueal. Métodos: Este estudo duplamente encoberto, aleatorizado, unicêntrico e prospectivo avaliou 56 pacientes, ASA 1 ou 2, entre 18 e 65 anos, escalados para cirurgias eletivas sob anestesia geral com intubação orotraqueal. Foram alocados em dois grupos, o M recebeu 30 mg·kg-1 de sulfato de magnésio e o L, 2 mg·kg-1 de lidocaína, em infusão contínua, imediatamente antes da indução anestésica. Os valores de pressão arterial (PA), frequência cardíaca (FC) e índice biespectral (BIS) foram aferidos nos dois grupos em seis momentos relacionados com a administração dos fármacos do estudo. Resultados: Em ambos os grupos houve aumento na FC e PA após a laringoscopia e intubação, em relação aos valores basais. No Grupo M observou-se elevação estatisticamente significativa, mas clinicamente pouco importante, nos valores das pressões arteriais sistólica e diastólica após a intubação. Não houve diferença nos valores de BIS entre os grupos. Dos pacientes que receberam o sulfato de magnésio, 3 (12%) apresentaram episódio de hipertensão, ao passo que apenas um dos que receberam lidocaína (4%) apresentou esse sinal, sem diferença estatística. Conclusão: Sulfato de magnésio e a lidocaína apresentam boa eficácia e segurança no controle hemodinâmico à laringoscopia e intubação.

Palavras-chave

Laringoscopia, Intubação intratraqueal, Lidocaína, Sulfato de magnésio, Fenômenos fisiológicos cardiovasculares

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