Pectins from Apple Pomace
Petkowicz, Carmen L. O.; Beleski-Carneiro, Eliana; Wosiacki, Gilvan; Vriesmann, Lúcia C.; Marcon, Márcia V.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282005000200012
Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, vol.15, n2, p.127-129, 2005
Abstract
Extractions of apple pectins from apple pomace were performed using an experimental design with 22 factorial. The extractor agent was 5 % (w/v) citric acid and the variables were time (30, 50 and 80 min) and temperature (50, 75 and 100 °C). The best yield (16.8 %) was obtained using higher temperatures (100 °C; 80 min). Monosaccharide composition of the pectic fractions was similar to others already described.
Keywords
Pectins, extraction, citric acid
References
1. Rolin, C. Pectins, in: Industrial Gums: Polysaccharides and Their Derivates- 3 ed, p.257-293, Whistler, R.L.; BeMiller, J (Ed), Academic Press, San Diego (1993).
2. Ridley, B. L.; O’ Neill, A.& Mohnen, D. Pectins: structure, biosynthesis, and oligogalacturonide-related signaling. Phytochemistry, 57, p.929 (2001).
3. Rosenbohm, C.; Lundt, I.;.Christensen, T. M..I.E. & Young, N.W.G. Chemically methylated and reduced pectins: preparation, characterisation by 1H NMR spectroscopy, enzymatic degradation and gelling properties. Carbohydr. Res., 338, p.637 (2003).
4. De Vries, J.A.; Voragen, A.G.J.; Roumbouts, F.M.; Pilnik, W. “Structural studies of apple pectins with pectolytic enzymes”, in: Chemistry and Function of Pectins. p.38-
48. American Chemical Society, Fishman, M.L.; Jenn, J.J. (eds), Washington DC (1986).
5. Voragen, A.G.J.; Pilnik, W. & Thibault, J.F. Pectins in: Food Polysaccharides and Their Applications, p.287-339, A.M. Stephen (ed.) Marcel Dekker, New York (1995).
6. Matthew, J.A.; Howson, S.J.; Keenan, M.H.J. & Belton, P.S. Gelation of sugar beet and citrus pectins using enzymes extracted from orange peel. Carbohydr. Polym, 12, p.295 (1990).
7. Rombouts, F.M. & Thibault, J. F. Feruloylated pectic substances from sugar beet pulp. Carbohydr. Res., 154, p.177 (1986).
8. Somogyi, M. Notes on sugar determination. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 195(1), p.19 (1952).
9. Instituto Adolfo Lutz. Normas Analíticas do Instituto Adolfo Lutz. 3ª ed. São Paulo: O Instituto (1985).
10. Blumenkrantz, N. & Asboe-Hansen, G. New method for quantitative determination of uronic acids. Anal. Biochem., 54, p.484 (1973).
11. Trevelyan, W.E.; Procter, D.P. & Harrison, J.S. Detection of sugars on paper chromatograms by use of dipping reagents. Nature, 166, p.444 (1950).
12. Hartree, E. F. Determination of protein: a modification of the Lowry method that gives a linear photometric response. Anal. Biochem., 48, p.422 (1972).
13. Dubois, M.; Gilles, K.A. & Hamilton, J.K.; Rebers, P.A.; Smith, F. Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal. Chem., 28, p.350 (1956).
14. Schols, H. A.; Vierhuis, E.; Bakx, E. J. & Voragen, A.G.J. Different populations of pectin hairy regions occur in apple cell walls. Carbohydr. Res., 275, p.343 (1995).
15. Redgwell, R.J. & Selvendran, R.R. Structural features of cell-wall. Polysaccharides of onion Allium cepa. Carbohydr. Res.,157, p.183 (1986).
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email