Sericin as compatibilizer in starch/ polyester blown films
Garcia, Patrícia Salomão; Turbiani, Franciele Rezende Barbosa; Baron, Alessandra Machado; Brizola, Guilherme Luiz; Tavares, Mariane Alves; Yamashita, Fabio; Eiras, Daniel; Grossmann, Maria Victória Eiras
Abstract
Abstract: This study investigated the effects of low concentrations of sericin (≤ 1.5 wt%) in starch- poly(butylene-adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) films. The films were produced by blown extrusion and mechanical, barrier and structural properties were determined. Films containing 1.0 and 1.5 wt% sericin showed higher tensile strength (6.41 and 6.59 MPa) and Young's modulus (90.88 and 132.71 MPa) compared with film without sericin (4.76 MPa and 18.64 MPa). When 0.5 wt% of sericin was used, the elongation was reduced by 62%. The addition of sericin in a concentration of 1.5% (w/w) decreased the water vapor permeability of films from 7.55 to 5.94 g (m s Pa)-1, likely due to the formation of a more homogeneous and compact matrix. Based on these results, a mechanism of action is proposed, whereby sericin acts at the interface of the polymers (starch and PBAT), reducing the interfacial tension and enhancing compatibility.
Keywords
References
Garcia, P. S., Grossmann, M. V. E., Shirai, M. A., Lazaretti, M. M., Yamashita, F., Muller, C. M. O., & Mali, S. (2014). Improving action of citric acid as compatibiliser in starch/polyester blown films. Industrial Crops and Products, 52, 305-312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2013.11.001.
Olivato, J. B., Grossmann, M. V. E., Bilck, A. P., & Yamashita, F. (2012). Effect of organic acids as additives on the performance of thermoplastic starch/polyester blown films. Carbohydrate Polymers, 90(1), 159-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.009. PMid:24751025.
Ren, J., Fu, H., Ren, H., & Yuan, W. (2009). Preparation, characterization and properties of binary and ternary blends with thermoplastic starch, poly(lactic acid) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate). Carbohydrate Polymers, 77(3), 576-582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.01.024.
Thunwall, M., Kuthanova, V., Boldizar, A., & Rigdahl, M. (2008). Film blowing of thermoplastic starch. Carbohydrate Polymers, 71(4), 583-590. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2007.07.001.
Teixeira, E. M., Curvelo, A. A. S., Corrêa, A. C., Marconcini, J. M., Glenn, G. M., & Mattoso, L. H. C. (2012). Properties of thermoplastic starch from cassava bagasse and cassava starch and their blends with poly (lactic acid). Industrial Crops and Products , 37(1), 61-68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.11.036.
Shirai, M. A., Olivato, J. B., Demiate, I. M., Müller, C. M. O., Grossmann, M. V. E., & Yamashita, F. (2016). Poly(lactic acid)/thermoplastic starch sheets: effect of adipate esters on the morphological, mechanical and barrier properties. Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, 26(1), 66-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.2123.
Shi, R., Bi, J., Zhang, Z., Zhu, A., Chen, D., Zhou, X., Zhang, G. L., & Tian, W. (2008). The effect of citric acid on the structural properties and cytotoxicity of polyvinyl alcohol/starch films when molding at high temperature. Carbohydrate Polymers, 74(4), 763-770. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2008.04.045.
Ma, X., Yu, J., & Zhao, A. (2006). Properties of biodegradable poly(propylene carbonate)/starch composites with succinic anhydride. Composites Science and Technology , 66(13), 2360-2366. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2005.11.028.
Miranda, V. R., & Carvalho, A. J. F. (2011). Blendas compatíveis de amido termoplástico e polietileno de baixa densidade compatibilizadas com acido cítrico. Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, 21(5), 353-360. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0104-14282011005000067.
Ning, W., Jiugao, Y., Xiaofei, M., & Ying, W. (2007). The influence of citric acid on the properties of thermoplastic starch/linear low-density polyethylene blends. Carbohydrate Polymers, 67(3), 446-453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2006.06.014.
Raquez, J. M., Nabar, M. Y., Narayan, R., & Dubois, P. (2008). In situ compatibilization of maleated thermoplastic starch/polyester melt-blends by reactive extrusion. Polymer Engineering and Science, 48(9), 1747-1754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.21136.
Al-Hassan, A. A., & Norziah, M. H. (2012). Starch-gelatin edible films: water vapour permeability and mechanical properties as affected by plasticizers. Food Hydrocolloids , 26(1), 108-117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2011.04.015.
Basiak, E., Lenart, A., & Debeaufort, F. (2017). Effects of carbohydrate/protein ratio on the microstructure and the barrier and sorption properties of wheat starch-whey protein blend edible films. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 97(3), 858-867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7807. PMid:27197704.
Corradini, E., Souto de Medeiros, E., Carvalho, A. J. F., Curvelo, A. A. S., & Mattoso, L. H. C. (2006). Mechanical and morphological characterization of starch/zein blends plasticized with glycerol. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 101(6), 4133-4139. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.23570.
Rocha, G. O., Farias, M. G., Carvalho, C. W. P., Ascheri, J. L. R., & Galdeano, M. C. (2014). Filmes compostos biodegradáveis a base de amido de mandioca e proteína de soja. Polímeros: Ciência e Tecnologia, 24(5), 587-595. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0104-1428.1355.
Cao, T. T., & Zhang, Y. Q. (2016). Processing and characterization of silk sericin from Bombyx mori and its application in biomaterials and biomedicines. Materials Science and Engineering C, 61(1), 940-952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.082. PMid:26838924.
Takasu, Y., Yamada, H., & Tsubouchi, K. (2002). Isolation of three main sericin components from the cocoon of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry, 66(12), 2715-2718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1271/bbb.66.2715. PMid:12596874.
Turbiani, F. R. B., Tomadon, J. Jr, Seixas, F. L., & Gimenes, M. L. (2011). Properties and structure of sericin films: effect of the cross linking degree. Chemical Engineering Transactions, 24, 1489-1494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3303/CET1124249.
American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. (2002). Standard test method for tensile properties of thin plastic sheeting. Philadelphia: ASTM. D-882-02.
American Society for Testing and Materials – ASTM. (2000). Standard test methods for water transmission of material. Philadelphia: ASTM. E-96-00.
Fakhouri, F. M., Costa, D., Yamashita, F., Martelli, S. M., Jesus, R. C., Alganer, K., Collares-Queiroz, F. P., & Innocentini-Mei, L. H. (2013). Comparative study of processing methods for starch/gelatin films. Carbohydrate Polymers, 95(2), 681-689. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.03.027. PMid:23648030.
Sun, Q., Sun, C., & Xiong, L. (2013). Mechanical, barrier and morphological properties of pea starch and peanut protein isolate blend films. Carbohydrate Polymers , 98(1), 630-637. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.06.040. PMid:23987392.
Mariani, P. D. S. C., Allganer, K., Oliveira, F. B., Cardoso, E. J. B. N., & Innocentini-Mei, L. H. (2009). Effect of soy protein isolate on the thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of poly (3-caprolactone) and corn starch blends. Polymer Testing, 28(8), 824-829. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.polymertesting.2009.07.004.
Joshi, M., Gulrajani, M. L., & Bar, M. (2015). Novel cross-linked sericin films: characterization and properties. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 132(5), n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.41400.
Pavia, D. L., Lampman, G. M., Kriz, G. S., & Vyvyan, J. R. (2009). Introduction to spectroscopy. 4th edition, Belmont: Brooks/Cole.
Khan, M. R., Tsukada, M., Zhang, X., & Morikawa, H. (2013). Preparation and characterization of electrospun nanofibers based on silk sericin powders. Journal of Materials Science , 48(10), 3731-3736. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10853-013-7171-6.
Olivato, J. B., Nobrega, M. M., Müller, C. M. O., Shirai, M. A., Yamashita, F., & Grossmann, M. V. E. (2013). Mixture design applied for the study of the tartaric acid effect on starch/polyester films. Carbohydrate Polymers, 92(2), 1705-1710. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.11.024. PMid:23399209.