Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/jvb/article/doi/10.1590/jvb.2014.059
Jornal Vascular Brasileiro
Case Report

Pulmonary embolism and stroke associated with mechanical thrombectomy

Embolia pulmonar e AVC isquêmico associado à trombectomia mecânica

Paulo Bastianetto; Daniel Mendes Pinto

http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/jvb.2014.059 J Vasc Bras, vol.13, n2, p.137-141, 2014
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Abstract

Mechanical thrombectomy offers the advantage of rapid removal of venous thrombi. It allows venous obstructions to be removed and requires shorter duration of infusion of thrombolytic agents. However, aspiration of thrombi can lead to complications, particularly pulmonary embolism and hemolysis. The validity of using vena cava filters during thrombectomy in order to avoid embolism has not yet been established. The authors report a case of massive pulmonary embolism associated with ischemic stroke in a patient with a hitherto undiagnosed patent foramen ovale. The patient developed respiratory failure and neurological deficit after thrombectomy. This case raise questions about the value of the thrombectomy for the treatment of proximal vein thrombosis due to the risks of this procedure. The authors also discuss the need for vena cava filters and ruling out a patent foramen ovale in patients undergoing thrombectomy.

Keywords

thrombectomy, mechanical thrombolysis, pulmonary embolism, stroke

Resumo

A trombectomia mecânica tem a vantagem de levar à rápida remoção dos trombos. Permite a desobstrução venosa e a redução do tempo de infusão de trombolíticos. A aspiração dos trombos pode levar a complicações, principalmente embolia pulmonar e hemólise. Algo que não está definido é a validade do uso de filtros de veia cava durante a trombectomia, com o objetivo de evitar a TEP maciça. Os autores relatam um caso de embolia pulmonar maciça associada a AVC isquêmico, em uma paciente que apresentava forame oval patente. Não havia o diagnóstico prévio da PFO. A paciente evoluiu com insuficiência respiratória e déficit neurológico logo após a trombectomia. Neste caso, questiona-se o valor da trombectomia para o tratamento da trombose venosa proximal, devido aos riscos deste procedimento. Os autores discutem sobre a necessidade de filtro de veia cava e sobre a pesquisa de forame oval nos pacientes que serão submetidos à trombectomia.

Palavras-chave

trombectomia, trombólise mecânica, embolia pulmonar, acidente vascular cerebral

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