Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/iberoamericanjm/article/doi/10.53986/ibjm.2025.0010
Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine
Original article

Characterization of Patients Undergoing Tooth Extraction at San Gregorio University of Portoviejo

Caracterización de los paciente sometidos a extracción dentaria en la Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo

Edwuard Daniel Freire-Gómez, Carlos Alberto Díaz-Pérez, Karla Lissette Gruezo Montesdeoca

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Abstract

Introduction: Dental extraction is a surgical procedure that varies in terms of indications, access, and quality of healthcare services, depending on the country and the clinical and sociodemographic factors of each individual. The aim of this study is to characterize the demographic and clinical variables of patients undergoing dental extraction at Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo during the period from March 2023 to March 2024.
Material and methods: A descriptive and retrospective study was conducted. The population consisted of 2,381 medical records of adult patients, and the sample included 331, determined through probabilistic sampling. Demographic, clinical, and radiographic variables were analyzed. Descriptive statistics, frequency, and percentage were applied.
Results: 176 (53.2%) were male patients, and 155 (46.8%) were female. The highest number of extractions was performed in the 45-54 age group: 78 (23.5%) patients. The most frequent indication for extraction was dental caries, in 455 (79.6%) teeth. The majority of patients did not have systemic disease, 216 (65.2%), nor toxic habits, 207 (62.5%). A total of 571 teeth were extracted, with the first upper molar being the most frequently extracted tooth (9.9%).
Conclusions: The behavior of dental extractions aligns with international studies, indicating the need to improve health promotion and disease prevention actions in the treated population to reduce tooth loss and enhance people's quality of life.

Keywords

Dental extraction; Tooth; Risk factors; Dental caries; Oral health; Toxic habits; Tooth loss

Resumen

Introducción: La extracción dental es un procedimiento quirúrgico que en términos de indicaciones, acceso y calidad de los servicios de salud, varía dependiendo del país y de los factores clínicos y sociodemográficos de cada persona. El objetivo de este estudio es caracterizar variables demográficas y clínicas de los pacientes sometidos a extracción dentaria en la Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo durante el periodo marzo 2023 – marzo 2024.
Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y retrospectivo. La población estuvo constituida por 2381 historias clínicas de pacientes adultos, y la muestra de 331, determinada mediante un muestreo probabilístico. Se analizaron variables demográficas, clínicas y radiográficas. Se aplicó la estadística descriptiva, frecuencia y porcentaje.
Resultados: 176 (53,2 %), pertenecían a pacientes del sexo masculino y 155 (46,8 %) del femenino. En el grupo de edad de 45 a 54 años fue donde más exodoncias se realizaron: 78 (23,5 %) pacientes. La indicación más frecuente de la extracción fue la caries dental, en 455 (79,6 %) dientes. La mayoría de los pacientes no tenían enfermedad sistémica, 216 (65,2 %), ni hábitos tóxicos, 207 (62,5 %). Se extrajeron un total de 571 dientes y el primer molar superior fue el diente más extraído (9,9 %).
Conclusiones: El comportamiento de las extracciones dentales se corresponde con lo reportado por estudios internacionales, e indica la necesidad de mejorar las acciones de promoción de salud y prevención de enfermedades bucales en la población atendida, para reducir la pérdida dentaria y mejorar la calidad de vida de las personas.

Palabras clave

Extracción dental; Diente; Factores de riesgo; Caries dental; Salud bucal; Hábitos tóxicos; Pérdida de dientes

References

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Submitted date:
02/03/2025

Reviewed date:
03/10/2025

Accepted date:
03/13/2025

Publication date:
03/19/2025

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