Evaluation of Hospitalized Pediatric Patients in Terms of Anemia: Single-Center Experience
Evaluación de pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados en términos de anemia: experiencia en un solo centro
Emine Ergül Sari, Arzu Kapdan
Abstract
Introduction: Anemia, characterized by reduced hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, affects roughly one-third of the global population and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is the most common form, particularly prevalent during childhood, a period of rapid growth. This study aimed to assess the frequency of anemia in pediatric patients hospitalized for various reasons.
Material and methods: This study was conducted at SBU Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, from September 1 to November 30,2021. The records of pediatric patients treated during this period were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with hematologic diseases were excluded from the study. Demographic data and laboratory results were recorded, and patients were grouped by age (0-2, 2-6, 6-12, 12-17 years) to compare laboratory values across these groups.
Results: The study included 100 children, with an equal distribution of 50 girls (50%) and 50 boys (50%), hospitalized between September 1 and November 30, 2021, at SBÜ Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Training and Research Hospital. The patients' ages ranged from 1 month to 16.2 years, with a mean age of 3.34±3.90 years. The majority (59%) of patients were in the 0-2 age group, followed by 19% in the 2-6 age group, 19% in the 6-12 age group, and 3% in the 12-17 age group. It was observed that 31% of patients had chronic diseases. Hemoglobin levels were measured at 11.11±1.84 g/dL, hematocrit at 33.71±4.85%, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) at 81.35±8.48 fL, red cell distribution width (RDW) at 15.08±2.67%, iron (Fe) at 64.70±38.89 g/dL, ferritin at 228.50±200.04 μg/L, vitamin B12 at 554.83±389.46 ng/L, and folate at 11.34±6.23 ng/L.
Conclusions: Anemia is a prevalent issue during childhood in our country and should be carefully considered in hospitalized pediatric patients. Upon detection, a cause-specific treatment plan must be developed to address this condition effectively.
Keywords
Resumen
Introducción: La anemia, caracterizada por niveles reducidos de hemoglobina y hematocrito, afecta aproximadamente a un tercio de la población mundial y se asocia con un aumento de la morbilidad y la mortalidad. La anemia ferropénica (AHF) es la forma más común, particularmente prevalente durante la infancia, un período de rápido crecimiento. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la frecuencia de anemia en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados por diversas razones.
Material y métodos: Este estudio se llevó a cabo en el Hospital de Formación e Investigación Dr. Sadi Konuk de la SBU Bakırköy, Departamento de Pediatría, del 1 de septiembre al 30 de noviembre de 2021. Se revisaron retrospectivamente los registros de los pacientes pediátricos tratados durante este período. Se excluyeron del estudio los pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas. Se registraron los datos demográficos y los resultados de laboratorio, y los pacientes se agruparon por edad (0-2, 2-6, 6-12, 12-17 años) para comparar los valores de laboratorio entre estos grupos.
Resultados: El estudio incluyó a 100 niños, con una distribución equitativa de 50 niñas (50%) y 50 niños (50%), hospitalizados entre el 1 de septiembre y el 30 de noviembre de 2021 en el Hospital de Formación e Investigación SBÜ Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk. Las edades de los pacientes oscilaban entre 1 mes y 16,2 años, con una edad media de 3,34 ± 3,90 años. La mayoría (59%) de los pacientes estaban en el grupo de edad de 0 a 2 años, seguido del 19% en el grupo de edad de 2 a 6 años, el 19% en el grupo de edad de 6 a 12 años y el 3% en el grupo de edad de 12 a 17 años. Se observó que el 31% de los pacientes tenían enfermedades crónicas. Los niveles de hemoglobina fueron 11,11 ± 1,84 g/dL, hematocrito 33,71 ± 4,85%, volumen corpuscular medio (VCM) 81,35 ± 8,48 fL, ancho de distribución de glóbulos rojos (RDW) 15,08 ± 2,67%, hierro (Fe) 64,70 ± 38,89 g/dL, ferritina 228,50 ± 200,04 μg/L, vitamina B12 554,83 ± 389,46 ng/L y folato 11,34 ± 6,23 ng/L.
Conclusiones: La anemia es un problema prevalente durante la infancia en nuestro país y debe considerarse cuidadosamente en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados. Tras la detección, se debe desarrollar un plan de tratamiento específico para abordar esta condición de manera efectiva.
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References
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Submitted date:
07/10/2024
Reviewed date:
08/19/2024
Accepted date:
10/11/2024
Publication date:
10/16/2024
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