Platelet Count as Useful Indicator for Gram-Type of Bacteria Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Women
El recuento de plaquetas como indicador útil de bacterias tipo Gram que causan infecciones del tracto urinario en mujeres
Abdulaziz Dwaya, Abdurrazag Urayet, Mohamed B. Milad, Abdulhamid M. Alkout
Abstract
Introduction: Urinary Tract infection (UTI) is considered as the most common infections disease among women. UTI may lead to a serious complication in both kidneys. In this study, we tried to determine whether the alternation in platelet count during UTI is related to specific Gram-type of bacteria causing the infection. This assists the medical staff in selection of suitable antimicrobial drug.
Material and Methods: Data of all urine cultures from Gynecology Department/ Albaraa Hospital/Tripoli processed at the Laboratory during a period of three years (2017 - 2019). All Data analysis and statistics were made with the SPSS software version 16 and performed with one-way ANOVA and a parametric test was used for categorical values and not normally distributed values.
Results: A growth was detected in 101 of 193 (52%) samples and 22 (11%) were mixed growth. Gram-negative bacteria identified in 57% (45/79) while 43% (34/79) occurred with Gram-positive bacteria. Regarding to platelets count alteration, it is revealed that there was a significant difference between cases infected by Gram-negative bacteria compared to others infected by Gram-positive bacteria and control group.
Conclusions: Results of the current study suggest that the change in platelet count during UTI is associated with causative bacteria’s Gram-type.
Keywords
Resumen
Introducción: La infección del tracto urinario (ITU) se considera la enfermedad infecciosa más común entre las mujeres. La ITU puede provocar una complicación grave en ambos riñones. En este estudio, intentamos determinar si la alternancia en el recuento de plaquetas durante la ITU está relacionada con el tipo específico de bacterias Gram que causan la infección. Esto ayuda al personal médico a seleccionar el fármaco antimicrobiano adecuado.
Material y Métodos: Datos de todos los urocultivos del Servicio de Ginecología del Hospital Albaraa (Trípoli), procesados en el Laboratorio durante un período de tres años (2017-2019). Todos los análisis de datos y estadísticas se realizaron con el software SPSS versión 16 y se realizaron con ANOVA de una vía y se utilizó una prueba paramétrica para valores categóricos y valores no distribuidos normalmente.
Resultados: Se detectó un crecimiento en 101 de 193 (52%) muestras y 22 (11%) fueron de crecimiento mixto. Las bacterias Gram negativas se identificaron en el 57% (45/79) mientras que el 43% (34/79) se presentaron con bacterias Gram positivas. En cuanto a la alteración del recuento de plaquetas, se revela que hubo una diferencia significativa entre los casos infectados por bacterias Gram negativas frente a otros infectados por bacterias Gram positivas y el grupo control.
Conclusiones: Los resultados del estudio actual sugieren que el cambio en el recuento de plaquetas durante la ITU está asociado con el tipo Gram de la bacteria causante.
Palabras clave
References
1. Hay AD. Managing UTI in primary care: should we be sending midstream urine samples? Br J Gen Pract. 2010;60(576):479-80. doi: 10.3399/bjgp10X514701.
2. Behzadi P, Behzadi E, Yazdanbod H, Aghapour R, Akbari Cheshmeh M, Salehian Omran D. A survey on urinary tract infections associated with the three most common uropathogenic bacteria. Maedica (Bucur). 2010;5(2):111-5.
3. Tandogdu Z, Cai T, Koves B, Wagenlehner F, Bjerklund-Johansen TE. Urinary Tract Infections in Immunocompromised Patients with Diabetes, Chronic Kidney Disease, and Kidney Transplant. Eur Urol Focus. 2016;2(4):394-9. doi: 10.1016/j.euf.2016.08.006.
4. Devillé WL, Yzermans JC, van Duijn NP, Bezemer PD, van der Windt DA, Bouter LM. The urine dipstick test useful to rule out infections. A meta-analysis of the accuracy. BMC Urol. 2004;4:4. doi: 10.1186/1471-2490-4-4.
5. Al-Badr A, Al-Shaikh G. Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections Management in Women: A review. Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 2013;13(3):359-67. doi: 10.12816/0003256.
6. Gupta K, Stamm WE. Pathogenesis and management of recurrent urinary tract infections in women. World J Urol. 1999;17(6):415-20. doi: 10.1007/s003450050168.
7. Dielubanza EJ, Schaeffer AJ. Urinary tract infections in women. Med Clin North Am. 2011;95(1):27-41. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2010.08.023.
8. Gupta K, Hooton TM, Naber KG, Wullt B, Colgan R, Miller LG, et al. International clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis in women: A 2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the European Society for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52(5):e103-20. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciq257.
9. Ronald A. The etiology of urinary tract infection: traditional and emerging pathogens. Dis Mon. 2003;49(2):71-82. doi: 10.1067/mda.2003.8.
10. Whiting P, Westwood M, Watt I, Cooper J, Kleijnen J. Rapid tests and urine sampling techniques for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children under five years: a systematic review. BMC Pediatr. 2005;5(1):4. doi: 10.1186/1471-2431-5-4.
11. Srinivasa S, Dhingra P. Platelet indices in children with urinary tract infection. Int J Contemp Pediatr. 2018;5(3):953-7. doi: 10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20181520.
12. Mahmoud K, Zayed S, Mohsen A, Gafar HS, Abd T, Kareim E. Diagnostic value of platelet parameters versus interleukin-6 in children with urinary tract infection. Egypt Pediatr Assoc Gaz. 2016;64(3):142–8. doi: 10.1016/j.epag.2016.04.002.
13. Shah AR, Chaudhari SN, Shah MH. Role of Platelet Patameters in Diagnosing Various Clinical Conditios. Nat J Med Res. 2013;3(2):162-5. doi: 10.17511/IJMRR.2015.I2.029.
14. Catal F, Bavbek N, Bayrak O, Uz E, Isik B, Karabel M, et al. Platelet parameters in children with upper urinary tract infection: is there a specific response? Ren Fail. 2008;30(4):377-81. doi: 10.1080/08860220801947389.
15. Budak YU, Polat M, Huysal K. The use of platelet indices, plateletcrit, mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width in emergency non-traumatic abdominal surgery: a systematic review. Biochem Med (Zagreb). 2016;26(2):178-93. doi: 10.11613/BM.2016.020.
16. Lee IR, Shin JI, Park SJ, Oh JY, Kim JH. Mean platelet volume in young children with urinary tract infection. Sci Rep. 2015;5:18072. doi: 10.1038/srep18072.
17. Morens DM, Folkers GK, Fauci AS. The challenge of emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. Nature. 2004;430(6996):242-9. doi: 10.1038/nature02759.
18. de Laforcade AM, Freeman LM, Shaw SP, Brooks MB, Rozanski EA, Rush JE. Hemostatic changes in dogs with naturally occurring sepsis. J Vet Intern Med. 2003;17(5):674-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2003.tb02499.x.
19. Okonko IO, Ijandipe LA, Ilusanya OA, Donbraye-Emmanuel OB, Ejembi J, Udeze AO, et al. Incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) among pregnant women in Ibadan, South-Western Nigeria. African J Biotechnol. 2009;8(23):6649-57.
20. Zareifar S, Farahmand Far MR, Golfeshan F, Cohan N. Changes in platelet count and mean platelet volume during infectious and inflammatory
disease and their correlation with ESR and CRP. J Clin Lab Anal. 2014;28(3):245-8. doi: 10.1002/jcla.21673.
21. Jain S, Gautam V, Naseem S. Acute-phase proteins: As diagnostic tool. J Pharm Bioallied Sci. 2011;3(1):118-27. doi: 10.4103/0975-7406.76489.
22. Fatnasa KAA, Harb AO, Alkout AM. Urinary Tract Infection In Sobrata, Algmel Cities In Libya 2013. Clinical Microbiolgy: Open Access. 2014;3(5):1000163.
23. Nassaji M, Ghahremanfard F, Mirmohammadkhani M, Tamadon MR, Manoochehri S. Mean platelet volume and other platelet indices in adults patients with acute pyelonephritis. Asian J Pharm Heal Sci. 2014;4(3):1097-101.
24. Togan T, Narci H, Turan H, Ciftci O, Kursun E, Arslan H. The impact of acute brucellosis on mean platelet volume and red blood cell distribution. Jundishapur J Microbiol. 2015;8(2):e20039. doi: 10.5812/jjm.20039.
25. Akya A, Rostami-Far Z, Lorestani R, Khazaei S, Elahi A, Rostamian M, et al. Platelet Indices as Useful Indicators of Urinary Tract Infection. Iran J Ped Hematol Oncol. 2019;9(3):159-65.
26. Bhat MA, Bhat JI, Kawoosa MS, Ahmad SM, Ali SW. Organism-specific platelet response and factors affecting survival in thrombocytopenic very low birth weight babies with sepsis. J Perinatol. 2009;29(10):702-8. doi: 10.1038/jp.2009.72.
Submitted date:
10/23/2021
Reviewed date:
11/17/2021
Accepted date:
12/19/2021
Publication date:
12/20/2021
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email