Relationship between physical fragility and socio-demographical and clinical factors of elderly performing driving license testing
Relación entre la fragilidad física y los factores sociodemográficos y clínicos de pacientes ancianos sometidos a la prueba para obtención de la licencia vehicular
Relação entre fragilidade física e fatores sociodemográficos e clínicos dos idosos que realizam teste para habilitação veicular
Maria Helena Lenardt; Clovis Cechinel; Maria Angelica Binotto; Nathalia Hammerschmidt Kolb Carneiro; Tânia Maria Lourenço
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the association between the condition of the physical fragility and the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of elders performing driving license testing.
Methods: This is a transversal quantitative study, performed in traffic medicine clinics. Criteria of inclusion of elders: age equal or higher to 60 years old; scheduled to driving license testing, and suitable cognitive and physical capacity to perform the tests. The sample was composed by 172 seniors from January to July 2015. Tests were used to evaluate the physical fragility, together with a socio-demographic and clinical questionnaire.
Results: 56.4% of the candidates are considered pre-fragile, and there was a significant association between fragility and marital status (p = 0.0327) and use of alcohol (p = 0.0417).
Conclusion: The prevalence of pre-fragility demonstrates a necessity to manage this public, aiming to attenuate functional decay, and as a consequence, to contribute to safer driving conditions.
Keywords
Resumen
Palabras clave
Resumo
Objetivo: Investigar a associação entre a condição da fragilidade física e características sociodemográficas e clínicas de idosos que se submetem ao teste de habilitação veicular.
Métodos: Estudo quantitativo transversal, realizado nas clínicas de medicina de tráfego. Critérios de inclusão do idoso: ter idade igual ou superior a 60 anos; estar agendado para os testes de habilitação e apresentar capacidade cognitiva e física para a realização dos testes. A amostra foi constituída por 172 idosos no período amostral de janeiro a julho de 2015. Foram aplicados testes para avaliação da fragilidade física e questionário sociodemográfico e clínico.
Resultados: 56,4% dos candidatos são pré-frágeis e houve associação significativa entre fragilidade física e estado civil (p = 0,0327) e uso de bebidas alcóolicas (p = 0,0417).
Conclusão: A prevalência de pré-fragilidade evidencia a necessidade de sua gestão, com o objetivo de atenuar o declínio funcional e consequentemente contribuir para uma direção veicular mais segura.
Palavras-chave
Referências
1 Adura F, Gianvecchio D, Muño ZDR. Medicina de Tráfego. Rev Med [online]. 2012 jan/mar;[cited 2015 jun 12];91(1):14-5. Disponível:
2 Fried L, Tangen CM, Walston J, Newman AB, Hirsch C, Gottdiener J, et al. Frailty in older adults: Evidence for a phenotype. J. Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci [online]. 2001 Mar;[cited 2015 oct 22];56A(3):146-56. Available:
3 Gobbens RJJ, Luijkx KG, Wijnen-Sponselee MT, Shols JMGA. In Search of an Integral Conceptual Definition of Frailty: Opinions of Experts. J Am Med Dir Assoc [on line]. 2010 Jun;[cited 2015 Oct 12];11(5):338-43. Available:
4 Newman AB, Gottdiener JS, Mcburnie MA, Hirsch CH, Kop WJ, Tracy R, et al. Associations of subclinical cardiovascular disease with frailty. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. [online]. 2001 Mar; [cited 2015 oct 22];56(3):158-66. Available:
5 Shlipak MG, Stehman-Breen C, Fried LF, Song X, Siscovick D, Fried LP, et al. The presence of frailty in elderly person with chronic renal insufficiency. Am J Kidney Dis. [on line]. 2004 May; [cited 2015 Aug 07];43(5):861-7. Available:
6 Morley JE, Vellas B, Kan AV, Anker SD, Bauer JM, Bernabei R, et al. Frailty Consensus: A call to action. JAMDA [on line]. 2013 Jun;[cited 2015 Jun 20];14(6):392-97. Available:
7 Sánchez-García S, Sánchez-Arenas R, García-Peña C, Rosas-Carrasco O, Ávila-Funes JA, Ruiz-Arregui L, et al. Frailty among community-dwelling elderly Mexican people: Prevalence and association with sociodemographic characteristics, health state and the use of health services. Geriatr Gerontol Int. [on line]. 2014 Apr; [cited 2015 Sep 10];14(2):395-402. Available:
8 Vieira RA, Guerra RO, Giacomin KC, Vasconcelos KS de S, Andrade AC de S, Pereira LSM et al. Prevalência de fragilidade e fatores associados em idosos comunitários de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil: dados do estudo FIBRA. Cad. Saúde Pública [internet]. 2013 Aug;[cited 2015 Feb 10];29(8):1631-43. Available:
9 Neri AL, Yassuda MS, Araújo LF, Eulálio MC, Cabral BE, Siqueira MEC et al. Methodology and social, demographic, cognitive, and frailty profiles of community-dwelling elderly from seven Brazilian cities: the FIBRA Study. Cad. Saúde Pública [on line]. 2013 Apr;[cited 2015 Apr 02]; 29(4):778-92. Available from:
10 Peek MK, Howrey BT, Ternent RS, Ray LA, Ottenbacher KJ. Social Support, Stressors, and Frailty Among Older Mexican American Adults. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. [online]. 2012 Sep;[cited 2015 Jun 01];67(6):755-64. Available:
11 Casale-Martínez RI, Navarrete-Reyes AP, Ávila-Funes JA. Social determinants of frailty in elderly mexican community-dwelling adults. J Am Geriatr Soc [online]. 2012 Apr;[cited 2015 Jun 15];60(4):800-2. Available:
12 Vries OJ, Peeters GMEE, Lips P, Deeg DJH. Does frailty predict increased risk of falls and fractures? A prospective population-based study. Osteoporos Int. [online]. 2013 Feb;[cited 2015 Jul 11];24(9):2397-403. Available:
13 Eyigor S, Kutsal YG, Duran E, Huner B, Paker N, Durmus B, et al. Frailty prevalence and related factors in the older adult-FrailTURK Project. Age (Dordr) [online]. 2015 June;[cited 2015 nov 11];37(3):9791. Available:
14 Pegorari MS, Tavares DM dos S. Factors associated with the frailty syndrome in elderly individuals living in the urban área. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem [internet]. 2014 Sept/Oct;[cited 2015 Sept 11];22(5):874-82. Available:
15 Herr M, Robine JM, Pinot J, Arvieu JJ, Ankri J. Polypharmacy and frailty: prevalence, relationship, and impact on mortality in a French sample of 2350 old people. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf. [on line]. 2015 June;[cited 2015 Sept 11];24(6):637-46. Available:
16 Wang CC, Carr DB. Older driver safety: a report from the older drivers project. Journal of the J Am Geriatr Soc [on line]. 2004 Jan;[cited 2015 Feb 02];143-9. Available:
17 Chen CY, Wu SC, Chen LJ, Lue BH. The prevalence of subjective frailty and factors associated with frailty in Taiwan. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. [on line]. 2010 Feb;[cited 2014 Jan 21];50(sup):43-7. Available:
18 Bandeen-Roche K, Seplaki CL, Huang J, Buta B, Kalyani RR, Varadhan R, Xue Q-L, Walston JD, et al. Frailty in Older Adults: A Nationally Representative Profile in the United States. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci [online]. 2015 Nov;[cited 2016 Jan 21];70(11):1427-34. Available:
19 Santos-Eggimann B, Cuénoud P, Spagnoli J, Junod J. Prevalence of frailty in middle-aged and older community-dwelling Europeans living in 10 countries. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. [internet]. 2009 Jun;[cited 2015 Jun 11];64(6):675-81. Available:
20 Runzer-Colmenares FM, Samper-Ternent R, Snih SA, Ottenbacher KJ, Parodi JF, Wong R. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Frailty Among Peruvian Older Adults. Archives of gerontology and geriatrics. [on line]. 2013 Aug;[cited 2015 Jun 11];58(1):1-11. Available:
21 Lenardt MH, Carneiro NHK, Albino J, Willig MH. Quality of life of frail elderly users of the primary care. Acta paul. enferm. [on line]. 2014 Oct;[cited 2016 Feb 11];27(5):399-404. Available from:
22 Sousa AC, Dias RC, Maciel ÁC, Guerra RO. Frailty syndrome and associated factors in community-dwelling elderly in Northeast Brazil. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. [on line]. 2012 Mar/Apr; [cited 2015 Aug 20];54(2):95-101. Available:
23 Reis-Júnior WM, Carneiro JAC, Coqueiro RS, Santos KT, Fernandes MH. Pré-fragilidade e fragilidade de idosos residentes em município com baixo Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano. Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem [on line]. 2014 Jul/Ago;[cited 2015 Aug 20];22(4):654-61. Available:
24 Fairhall N, Kurrle SE, Sherrington C, Lord SR, Lockwood K, John B, et al. Effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention on preventing development of frailty in pre-frail older people: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open. [on line]. 2015 Feb;[cited 2016 Jan 20];5(2):007091. Available from:
25 Collard RM, Boter H, Schoevers RA, Oude Voshaar RC. Prevalence of frailty in community-dwelling older persons: a systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc. [on line]. 2012 Aug;[cited 2016 Jan 20];60(8):1487-92. Available:
26 Veld LP, Van Rossum E, Kempen GI, de Vet HC, Hajema K, Beurskens AJ. Fried phenotype of frailty: cross-sectional comparison of three frailty stages on various health domains. BMC Geriatr. [on line]. 2015 Jul;[cited 2016 Jan 20];15:77. Available:
27 Jürschik P, Nunin C, Botigué T, Escobar MA, Lavedán A, Viladrosa M. Prevalence of frailty and factors associated with frailty in the elderly population of Lleida, Spain: the FRALLE survey. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. [on line]. 2012 Nov/Dec; [cited 2016 Jan 20];55(3):625-31. Available:
28 Ricci NA, Pessoa GS, Ferriolli E, Dias RC, Perracini MR. Frailty and cardiovascular risk in community-dwelling elderly: a population-based study. Clin Interv Aging [on line]. 2014 Oct; [cited 2015 Dec 10]; 9:1677-85. Available:
29 Conselho Nacional de Trânsito - CONTRAM. Resolução nº. 267, de 15 de fevereiro de 2008. Dispõe sobre o exame de aptidão física e mental, a avaliação psicológica e o credenciamento das entidades públicas e privadas que tratam o art. 147, I e 1º a 4º e o art. 148 do Código de Trânsito Brasileiro. Diário Oficial da União [periódico na internet], Brasília (DF). 15 fev 2008. [citado 2015 Jan 11]; Disponível:
30 Loyola Filho AI de, Uchoa E, Lima-Costa MF. A population-based study on use of medication by the elderly in Greater Metropolitan Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Cad. Saúde Pública [on line]. 2006 Dec;[cited 2015 Nov 04];22(12):2657-67. Available:
31 Dal Pizzol T da S, Pons E da S, Hugo FN, Bozzetti MC, Sousa M da LR de, Hilgert JB. Use of medication by the elderly in urban and rural areas in southern Brazil: a population-based study. Cad. Saúde Colet. [on line]. 2012 Jan;[cited 2015 Oct 06]; 28(1):104-14. Available:
32 Carvalho MFC, Romano-Lieber NS, Bergsten-Mendes G, Secoli SR, Ribeiro E, Lebrão ML, et al. Polifarmácia entre idosos do Município de São Paulo - Estudo SABE. Rev. bras. epidemiol. [on line]. 2012;[cited 2016 Jan 10];15(4):817-27. Available:
33 Rozenfeld S, Fonseca MJ, Acurcio FA. Drug utilization and polypharmacy among the elderly: a survey in Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil. Rev. Panam. Salud Pública [on line]. 2008;[cited 2016 Jan 10];23(1):34-43. Available:
34 Tinetti ME, Williams CS, Gill TM. Dizziness among older adults: a possible geriatric syndrome. Ann Intern Med. [on line]. 2000 Mar;[cited 2016 Jan 10];132(5):337-44. Available:
35 Gassmann KG, Rupprecht R, Lang E, Schöffski O, Mühlberg W, Sieber C, et al. Dizziness in an older community dwelling population: a multifactorial syndrome. J Nutr Health Aging. [on line]. 2009 Mar;[cited 2015 apr 10];13(3):278-82. Available:
36 Conselho Nacional de Trânsito - CONTRAM. Resolução nº 517 de 29 de janeiro de 2015. Altera a Resolução CONTRAN nº 425, de 27 de novembro de 2012, que dispõe sobre o exame de aptidão física e mental, a avaliação psicológica e o credenciamento das entidades públicas e privadas de que tratam o art. 147, I e 1º a 4º, e o art. 148 do Código de Trânsito Brasileiro. Diário Oficial da União [periódico na internet], Brasília (DF). 29 jan 2015; [cited 2015 Jul 29]. Disponível:
37 Ortolá R, García-Esquinas E, León-Muñoz LM, Guallar-Castillón P, Valencia-Martín JL, Galán I, et al. Patterns of Alcohol Consumption and Risk of Frailty in Community-dwelling Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. [on line]. 2016 Feb;[cited 2016 Feb 10];71(2):251-58. Available:
Submetido em:
30/05/2016
Aceito em:
07/09/2016
Facebook
Google+
Twitter
LinkedIn
Mendeley
StumbleUpon
CiteULike
Reddit
Email