Phlebitis associated with peripheral intravenous catheters in children: study of predisposing factors
Flebitis asociada con catéteres venosos periféricos en niños: estudio de factores predisponentes
Flebite associada a cateteres intravenosos periféricos em crianças: estudo de fatores predisponentes
Amanda Karina de Lima Jacinto; Ariane Ferreira Machado Avelar; Ana Maria Miranda Martins Wilson; Mavilde da Luz Gonçalves Pedreira
Abstract
Objective: To identify risk factors for phlebitis related to peripheral intravenous catheters (PIC) in children.
Methods: A retrospective cohort study conducted in 338 children submitted to intravenous. The variables related to the children and intravenous therapy were investigated, after approval of the ethical merit.
Results: From 338 children, nine (2.7%) developed phlebitis. None of the demographic characteristics influenced significantly the development of phlebitis. Regarding to the therapy, there were significant: the use of the PIC for more than five days (p = 0.001), intermittent maintenance (p = 0.001) and greater time permanence of the PIC (p = 0.006). The risk factors were: the presence of predisposing conditions to puncture failure (p = 0.041, OR = 4.645), history of complications (p < 0.001, OR = 40.666); administration of drugs or solutions with extreme pH and osmolarity (p = 0.004, OR = 7.700).
Conclusion: The occurrence of the phlebitis did not showed association with demographic characteristics and therapy aspects that represent risk factors, were predisposing conditions for puncture failure, previous complications, drugs administration and solutions with pH extremes and osmolarity.
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Resumo
Este estudo objetivou identificar fatores de risco para flebite relacionada a cateteres intravenosos periféricos (CIP) em crianças.
Métodos: Coorte retrospectiva realizada em 338 crianças submetidas a punção venosa periférica. Foram investigadas variáveis relacionadas à criança e à terapia intravenosa, após aprovação do mérito ético.
Resultados: Das 338 crianças, nove (2,7%) desenvolveram flebite. Nenhuma característica demográfica influenciou significativamente o desenvolvimento de flebite. Quanto às características da terapia, foram significantes: utilização do CIP por mais de cinco dias (p = 0,001); manutenção intermitente (p = 0,001) e maior tempo de permanência do CIP (p = 0,006). Representaram fatores de risco: presença de condições predisponentes para insucesso da punção (p = 0,041; OR = 4,645); antecedentes de complicações (p < 0,001, OR = 40,666); administração de drogas ou soluções de elevados pH e osmolaridade (p = 0,004, OR = 7,700).
Conclusão: A ocorrência de flebite não apresentou associação com características demográficas, e os aspectos da terapia que representaram fatores de risco foram condições predisponentes para insucesso da punção, antecedentes de complicações, administração de fármacos e soluções com extremos de pH e osmolaridade.
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References
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Submitted date:
03/08/2013
Reviewed date:
06/28/2013
Accepted date:
08/22/2013