Factors associated with peripheral intravenous catheter loss as documented in nursing records: a retrospective study
Factores asociados a la pérdida del catéter venoso periférico según registros de enfermería: estudio retrospectivo
Fatores associados à perda de cateter venoso periférico segundo registros de enfermagem: estudo retrospectivo
Fabrícia Martins Sales; Rosimere Ferreira Santana; Stephanie Vanessa Penafort Martins Cavalcante; Gicelle Galvan Machineski
Abstract
Objective to analyze factors associated with peripheral intravenous catheter loss as documented in nursing records.
Method retrospective quantitative study based on medical record review, conducted at a general hospital in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The initial sample comprised 743 medical records from January to October 2023, of which 209 contained complete data on these variables: event date, catheter type, event description, interventions performed, and immediate outcome. The chi-square test was used, with a 5% significance level (p < 0.05) and 95% confidence intervals.
Results accidental peripheral intravenous catheter losses were the most frequent (30.6%) and accounted for 44.6% among patients aged 18 to 64 years; phlebitis predominated among older patients. Infiltration was associated with saline flushing used to maintain catheter patency, and occlusion was associated with medication infusion. Catheter dwell time was associated with the causes of loss, with occlusion occurring more often in recently inserted catheters (<24 hours) and phlebitis in catheters in place for more than 96 hours.
Conclusion and implications for practice a high incidence of accidental peripheral intravenous catheter loss was observed, associated with risk factors amenable to nursing intervention or monitoring. Technical protocols, staff training, and improved nursing documentation are recommended.
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Resumo
Objetivo: analisar os fatores associados à perda de cateter venoso periférico segundo registros de enfermagem.
Método: estudo retrospectivo, documental e quantitativo, realizado em hospital geral de Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. A amostra inicial foi composta por 743 prontuários de janeiro a outubro de 2023, dos quais 209 continham variáveis completas: data do evento, tipo de cateter, descrição do ocorrido, intervenções realizadas e desfecho imediato. Utilizou-se teste qui-quadrado, com significância de 5% (p < 0,05) e intervalo de confiança de 95%.
Resultados: as perdas acidentais foram as mais frequentes (30,6%) e, entre pacientes de 18 a 64 anos, representaram 44,6%; a flebite predominou em idosos. A infiltração esteve associada à permeabilização do cateter com flush de solução salina e a obstrução, à infusão de medicamentos. O tempo de punção associou-se às causas da perda, com maior ocorrência de obstruções em punções recentes, inferiores a 24 horas, e de flebite em acessos com mais de 96 horas.
Conclusão e implicações para a prática: houve alta incidência de perdas acidentais de cateteres venosos periféricos associadas a fatores de risco passíveis de intervenção ou acompanhamento pela enfermagem. Recomenda-se adotar protocolos técnicos, capacitar a equipe e qualificar os registros de enfermagem.
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Referências
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Aceito em:
09/06/2026
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