Risk of burnout among public servants at a Brazilian university
Riesgo de agotamiento profesional entre funcionarios públicos de una universidad brasileña
Risco de esgotamento profissional entre servidores públicos de uma universidade brasileira
Sara do Nascimento Cavalcante; Vitória Talya dos Santos Sousa; Roberta Meneses Oliveira; Patrícia Freire de Vasconcelos; Edmara Chaves Costa
Abstract
Objective to investigate factors related to the risk of burnout among public servants at a public university.
Method a quantitative study carried out between April and August 2021 with professors and administrative technicians at a university. A characterization instrument, the Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey, was used to assess the propensity for burnout, and the Stanford Presenteeism Scale was used to measure presenteeism. Descriptive statistics were applied for exploratory analysis, and nonparametric tests (chi-square of goodness of fit and independence) were used for inferential analysis, considering findings with p<0.05 as significant.
Results a total of 253 public servants participated, with an average age of 40.7 years. Although 122 presented a reduced risk of burnout (p<0.000), relationships of dependency with increased risk were identified, such as continuous use of medication, illnesses, absenteeism-illness, presenteeism, type of employment relationship, job dissatisfaction, intention to leave the institution and overcommitment.
Conclusion and implications for practice most presented a low or moderate risk of burnout, but are exposed to multiple risk factors. The findings highlight the need for institutional actions to monitor and prevent professional burnout in the university context.
Keywords
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Resumo
Objetivo: investigar fatores relacionados ao risco de esgotamento profissional entre servidores de uma universidade pública.
Método: estudo quantitativo realizado entre abril e agosto de 2021 com docentes e técnicos administrativos de uma universidade. Foram utilizados um instrumento de caracterização, o Maslach Burnout Inventory – Human Services Survey, para avaliar a propensão ao esgotamento profissional, e a Stanford Presenteeism Scale, para mensurar o presenteísmo. Aplicaram-se estatística descritiva, para análise exploratória, e testes não paramétricos (qui-quadrado de aderência e de independência), para análise inferencial, considerando-se significativos os achados com p<0,05.
Resultados: participaram 253 servidores, com média de idade de 40,7 anos. Embora 122 apresentassem risco reduzido para o esgotamento (p<0,000), identificaram-se relações de dependência com o risco aumentado, como uso contínuo de medicamentos, adoecimentos, absenteísmo-doença, presenteísmo, tipo de vínculo empregatício, insatisfação no trabalho, intenção de deixar a instituição e comprometimento excessivo.
Conclusão e implicações para a prática: a maioria apresentou risco reduzido ou moderado para burnout, mas está exposta a múltiplos fatores de risco. Os achados evidenciam a necessidade de ações institucionais de monitoramento e prevenção do esgotamento profissional no contexto universitário.
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Referências
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Aceito em:
16/05/2025
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