Clinical profile and factors associated with the death of COVID-19 patients in the first months of the pandemic
Perfil clínico y factores asociados a la muerte de pacientes COVID-19 en los primeros meses de la pandemia
Perfil clínico e fatores associados ao óbito de pacientes COVID-19 nos primeiros meses da pandemia
Leticia Pontes; Mitzy Tannia Reichembach Danski; Simone Martins Nascimento Piubello; Jéssica de Fátima Gomes Pereira; Leonardo Bigolin Jantsch; Letícia Bettega Costa; Juliana de Oliveira dos Santos; Andrea Moreira Arrué
Abstract
Objective: to analyze the individual and clinical characteristics and the factors associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19, in a public hospital in the state of Paraná, Brazil.
Methods: a cross-sectional, retrospective, documentary study (n= 86), with adult inpatients, from March to June 2020.
Results: mortality was 12.8%, the highest risk group was the elderly with comorbidities, especially cardiovascular ones. The chance of death was 58 times higher in the elderly compared to adults, and eight times higher in those with comorbidities compared to the healthy ones. Most patients presented with respiratory symptoms, fever, and myalgia. Treatment was based on antibiotics, anticoagulants and antivirals, associated with ventilatory support. The main complications were hypoxia, acute renal failure, and secondary infection.
Conclusion and implications for practice: elderly people with cardiovascular comorbidities who required intensive care had a higher chance of death. The results from one of the reference centers in the pandemic make it possible to discuss epidemiological measures adopted, with emphasis on restrictive concepts in the first months.
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Objetivo: analisar as características individuais, clínicas e os fatores associados à mortalidade de pacientes com COVID-19, em hospital público do estado do Paraná, Brasil.
Métodos: estudo seccional, retrospectivo, documental (n= 86), com pacientes adultos internados, de março a junho de 2020.
Resultados: a mortalidade foi de 12,8%, o grupo de maior risco foi de idosos com comorbidades, especialmente, cardiovasculares. A chance de óbito foi 58 vezes maior em idosos, comparada aos adultos, e oito vezes maior naqueles com comorbidades, comparadas aos hígidos. A maioria dos pacientes apresentou sintomatologia respiratória, febre e mialgia. Tratamento à base de antibióticos, anticoagulantes e antivirais, associado ao suporte ventilatório. As principais complicações foram hipóxia, insuficiência renal aguda e infecção secundária.
Conclusão e implicações para a prática: idosos com comorbidades cardiovasculares que necessitaram de cuidados intensivos apresentaram maior chance de óbito. Os resultados de um dos centros de referência na pandemia possibilitam discutir medidas epidemiológicas adotadas, com ênfase em conceitos restritivos nos primeiros meses.
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References
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Submitted date:
05/10/2021
Accepted date:
09/06/2021
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