Hospital discharge of liver transplantation patient: an integrative review
Alta hospitalaria de pacientes con trasplante de hígado: una revisión integradora
Alta hospitalar do paciente transplantado hepático: revisão integrativa
Laísa Fischer Wachholz; Neide da Silva Knihs; Sabrina Regina Martins; Aline Lima Pestana Magalhães; Laura Cavalcanti de Farias Brehmer; Marisa da Silva Martins
Abstract
Objective: To analyze evidence available in the literature to support the planning of hospital discharge of the patient who has undergone liver transplantation.
Method: Integrative review from the bases Scopus, LILACS, ScieELO, MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, BDENF, Web of Science. The keywords Liver transplant and Hospital discharge were used in English, Spanish, and Portuguese, being identified 1,152 articles, and the sample consisting of 13 articles.
Results: Publications are concentrated between 2014 (n = 4; 30.7%) and 2016 (n = 3; 23%), originating in Brazil (n = 5; 38.4%) and the United States (n = 3; 23%). The results were organized into the categories: Warning signs for possible changes that may arise at home; Recommendations for the use of medicines – promoting self-management and adherence to treatment; Daily activities and care at home – support and self-confidence; Changes in body image and daily life – the importance of support network.
Conclusion: Discharging the patient who has undergone liver transplantation is a challenge, given the complexity of the procedure. The findings show care directed at health education to minimize complications, support the multidisciplinary team and patient in self-care, especially regarding the signs and symptoms of complications, care with the use of medication, and the changes that occur when returning home.
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Resumo
Objetivo: Analisar evidências disponíveis na literatura capazes de subsidiar o planejamento da alta hospitalar do paciente submetido ao transplante hepático.
Método: Revisão integrativa a partir das bases Scopus, LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, BDENF, Web of Science. Utilizou-se os descritores Transplante hepático e Alta hospitalar, em inglês, espanhol e português, identificando-se 1.152 artigos, sendo que a amostra foi composta por 13 artigos.
Resultados: As publicações concentram-se entre 2014 (n=4; 30,7%) e 2016 (n=3; 23%), tendo como origem o Brasil (n=5; 38,4%) e os Estados Unidos (n=3; 23%). Os resultados foram organizados nas categorias: Sinais de alerta para possíveis alterações que possam surgir no domicílio; Recomendações para o uso de medicamentos-promoção do autogerenciamento e adesão ao tratamento; Atividades e cuidados diários em domicílio – apoio e autoconfiança; Mudanças na imagem corporal e vida diária – importância da rede de apoio.
Conclusão: A alta hospitalar do paciente submetido ao transplante hepático é um desafio, visto a complexidade do procedimento. Os achados apresentam cuidados direcionados à educação em saúde no sentido de minimizar complicações, apoiar a equipe multiprofissional e o paciente no autocuidado, em especial quanto aos sinais e sintomas de complicações, cuidados com o uso de medicação e as mudanças que ocorrem no retorno ao domicílio.
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References
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Submitted date:
12/04/2019
Accepted date:
04/08/2020
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