Risk factors for mortality in patients with sickle cell disease: an integrative review
Factores de riesgo para la mortalidad en pacientes con enfermedad falciforme: una revisión integradora
Fatores de risco para mortalidade em pacientes com doença falciforme: uma revisão integrativa
Carolina Mariano Pompeo; Andreia Insabralde de Queiroz Cardoso; Mercy da Costa Souza; Mayara Bontempo Ferraz; Marcos Antonio Ferreira Júnior; Maria Lúcia Ivo
Abstract
Objective: To summarize the risk factors and mortality indicators in sickle cell disease patients.
Method: Integrative review searched publications in journals in CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct/SCOPUS, SciELO, and Web of Science databases. The guiding question was elaborated through the Population, Variable, Outcome (PVO) strategy and the search was from October-to-November 2018, at the Coordination of Higher Level Personnel Improvement Periodicals’ Gate. The keywords anemia, sickle cell “and” mortality “and” survival and their synonyms were used.
Results: From 18/19 articles were cohort and one randomized controlled trial. The sample consisted mostly of females and HbSS genotype. The cumulative mortality rate and the overall mortality curve were the most repeated. Seven studies identified risk factors with a statistically significant association with death. The most frequent were low hemoglobin level, liver variables (alkaline phosphatase and oxalacetic glutamic transaminase enzymes) and cardiovascular variables (tricuspid valve regurgitation speed ≥ 2.5m/s).
Conclusion and implications for practice: Mortality indicators are tools for better management of sickle cell disease’s patient, prevention of risks and complications. There is a need for further studies on the factors related to mortality of these patients. Preventing the causes that lead to death will certainly improve the quality of life and survival of this population.
Keywords
Resumen
Palabras clave
Resumo
Objetivo: Sumarizar fatores de risco e indicadores de mortalidade em pacientes com doença falciforme.
Método: Revisão integrativa em periódicos indexados nas bases de dados CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, Science Direct/SCOPUS, SciELO e Web of Science. A questão norteadora foi elaborada por meio da estratégia Population, variable, outcome (PVO). A busca ocorreu no portal de periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior entre outubro e novembro de 2018.
Resultados: Dos 19 artigos, 18 eram coorte e um ensaio clínico randomizado. A amostra foi constituída, em sua maioria, pelo sexo feminino e genótipo HbSS. Se repetiram mais a taxa de mortalidade cumulativa e a curva de mortalidade global. Sete estudos identificaram fatores de risco com associação estatisticamente significativa para morte. Os mais frequentes foram o baixo nível de hemoglobina, variáveis hepáticas (enzimas fosfatase alcalina e transaminase glutâmico oxalacética) e cardiovasculares (velocidade de regurgitação da válvula tricúspide ≥ 2,5m/s).
Conclusão e implicações para a prática: Indicadores de mortalidade constituem ferramentas de manejo de pacientes com doença falciforme e prevenção de riscos e complicações. Há necessidade de estudos sobre os fatores relacionados à mortalidade desses pacientes. A prevenção do óbito, certamente, promoverá uma melhoria na qualidade de vida e na sobrevida dessa população.
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Referencias
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Submitted date:
03/07/2019
Accepted date:
20/12/2019
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