A ganglion cyst (GC) is a mucinous or gelatinous-filled benign tumor overlying a joint or tendon sheath, which commonly arises in the dorsal and volar wrist side but may occur anywhere in the body. Although cystic lesions around the knee are common, the occurrence of GCs are rare. Ganglia may arise from intra or extra-articular, soft tissue, intraosseous, or periosteal location. Symptoms may vary according to the size and location. After the more frequent performance of magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of a knee joint, the number of incidental, asymptomatic lesions have been increasingly diagnosed. The etiology of GC remains unclear; however, trauma and a flaw in the joint tissues may explain its appearance. The authors report two cases of women aged 47 years and 37 years who presented pain and swelling in their left knees following arthroscopic partial medial meniscectomy. The former was surgically treated and had a favorable outcome, while the latter had conservative treatment and a gloomy outcome.
KrudwigWK, SchulteKK, HeinemannC. Intra-articular ganglion cysts of the knee joint: a report of 85 cases and review of the literature. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2004;12(2):123-9. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-003-0372-9]. [PMID:14504717]
SarimoJ, RantanenJ, HelttulaI, OravaS. Intra-articular cysts and ganglia of the knee: a report of nine patients. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2005;13(1):44-7. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s00167-004-0519-3]. [PMID:15654646]
Bui-MansfieldLT, YoungbergRA. Intraarticular ganglia of the knee: prevalence, presentation, aetiology, and management. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1997;168(1):123-7. [https://doi.org/10.2214/ajr.168.1.8976934]. [PMID:8976934]
ResnickD. Internal derangements of joints. In: ResnickD. Diagnosis of bone and joint disorders. Philadelphia: Saunders; 1995. p. 3061-3.
FranceschiF, RizzelloG, MaffeiMV, PapaliaR, DenaroV. Arthroscopic ganglion cyst excision in the anterolateral aspect of the knee. Arthroscopy. 2003;19(4):E32. [https://doi.org/10.1053/jars.2003.50121]. [PMID:12671607]