Freshwater ecosystems of Mainland Ecuador: diversity, issues and perspectives
Ecossistemas aquáticos do Equador Continental: diversidade, problemas e perspectivas
Jorge Emilio Celi; Francisco Villamarín
Abstract
Keywords
Resumo
Resumo: : O Equador é um dos países de menor tamanho e o mais densamente povoado da América do Sul. Apesar disso, é também um dos 17 países megadiversos do mundo e abriga o maior número de espécies por unidade de área. A maioria dos ecossistemas aquáticos no Equador continental tem historicamente enfrentado fortes pressões ambientais devido ao fato de que a economia do país tem sido baseada na exploração e comercialização de matérias-primas e produtos agrícolas a um custo ambiental muito alto. No presente trabalho, apresentamos uma visão geral da diversidade de ecossistemas e peixes de água doce do Equador continental. Também, revisamos de maneira ampla as ameaças mais prementes a esses ecossistemas, incluindo a poluição devido à extração de petróleo, mineração e agricultura, e a crescente perturbação da conectividade hidrológica causada por represas hidrelétricas. Apesar dos graves problemas ambientais, fornecemos exemplos de iniciativas promissoras atualmente em andamento nos níveis local e nacional para reverter essa situação.
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Referências
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Submetido em:
01/03/2019
Aceito em:
13/10/2020
Publicado em:
25/11/2020
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