Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
https://app.periodikos.com.br/journal/alb/article/doi/10.1590/S2179-975X1621
Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia
Original Article

Macrophytes banks as potential fish nursery areas in small hydropower reservoirs

Bancos de macrófitas como potenciais áreas de berçário para peixes em pequenos reservatórios de hidrelétricas

Rafaela Shizuko Yamashita Kimura; Eduardo Meneguzzi Brambilla; João Felipe Denys Pereira; Marcos Gomes Nogueira

Downloads: 0
Views: 970

Abstract

Abstract:: Aim: This study verified if the macrophyte banks found in two reservoirs of small hydroelectric plants (SHPs) have a functional ecological role for the initial development of ichthyofauna. Additionally, we compared the differences in the structure of the fish assemblages along each reservoir compartment and between reservoirs.

Methods: Sampling was performed in March 2018, in lotic, intermediate, and lentic compartments of Palmeiras and Retiro reservoirs, Sapucaí-Mirim River (SP). Three distinct macrophyte banks in each stretch (triplicates), considering the most representative in terms of composition (recurrency/dominance), were sampled, resulting in 18 samples (nine per reservoir). For fish collection we used a sieve of 1 m2 of area, mesh size of 1 mm, which was manually hauled, from the boat, in the marginal aquatic vegetation (three hauls per sample). Simultaneously, we measured basic limnological parameters with a Horiba U-52 water probe, adjacent to the banks.

Results: The presence of juveniles of all fish orders found in the river, Characiformes, Siluriformes, Synbranchiformes, Gymnotiformes and Cichliformes, demonstrates that, at least in certain moment of their development cycle, the macrophyte banks are used by species with different ecological requirements. It was observed significant statistical differences in the structure of the ichthyofauna along the longitudinal axes of the reservoirs, but not between reservoirs. The same was seen for the limnological data (PCA).

Conclusions: The macrophyte banks found in the SHPs reservoirs have a potential role as nurseries for the local ichthyofauna, mainly, but not exclusively, for sedentary species and with parental care. This association is ecologically relevant, given the absence of typical lateral habitats for the initial development of the fish fauna. Additionally, despite the reservoirs small size, spatial organization was also important for the assemblage’s structure, with differences in terms of composition, size and development stages along the distinct sampling stretches.

Keywords

reservoir cascade, ichthyofauna, juveniles, larvae, spatial organization

Resumo

Resumo:: Objetivo: O presente estudo verificou se os bancos de macrófitas presentes nos reservatórios de pequenas centrais hidrelétricas desempenham um papel ecológico funcional no desenvolvimento inicial da ictiofauna. Adicionalmente, comparou-se a estrutura das assembleias de peixes ao longo dos compartimentos de cada reservatório e entre os reservatórios.

Métodos: A amostragem foi realizada em março de 2018 nos compartimentos lótico, intermediário e lêntico dos reservatórios de Palmeiras e Retiro, rio Sapucaí-Mirim (SP). Três bancos diferentes de macrófitas por trecho (tréplicas), considerando os mais representativos em termos de composição (recorrência/dominância), foram amostrados, no total de 18 amostras (nove por reservatório). Para a coleta dos peixes foi utilizada peneira de 1 m2 de área, abertura de malha de 1 mm, introduzida manualmente, da proa do barco, sob a vegetação aquática marginal e erguida rapidamente (três lances por amostra). Simultaneamente, foram medidos parâmetros limnológicos básicos, utilizando sonda Horiba U-52, adjacente aos bancos.

Resultados: A presença de estágios juvenis para todas as ordens de peixes encontradas no rio, Characiformes, Siluriformes, Synbranchiformes, Gymnotiformes e Cichliformes, demonstra que os bancos de macrófitas são utilizados, em algum momento do seu ciclo de desenvolvimento, por espécies com diferentes requerimentos ecológicos. Foram observadas diferenças estatísticas significativas na estrutura da ictiofauna no eixo longitudinal dos reservatórios, mas não entre os reservatórios. O mesmo foi verificado para os dados limnológicos (ACP).

Conclusões: Os bancos de macrófitas encontrados nos reservatórios de pequeno porte das PCHs do rio Sapucaí-Mirim são berçários potenciais para a ictiofauna, principalmente, mas não exclusivamente, para espécies sedentárias e com cuidado parental. Esta associação é ecologicamente relevante, dado a ausência de habitats laterais típicos para o desenvolvimento inicial da ictiofauna. Adicionalmente, a despeito do pequeno porte dos reservatórios, a organização espacial também se mostrou importante, com diferenças em termos de composição, tamanho e estágios de desenvolvimento ao longo dos distintos trechos de amostragem.
 

Palavras-chave

cascata de reservatórios, ictiofauna, juvenis, larvas, organização espacial

References

AGÊNCIA NACIONAL DE ENERGIA ELÉTRICA – ANEEL. Capacidade de geração do Brasil [online]. 2019 [viewed 20 June 2019]. Available from: http://www.aneel.gov.br/siga

AGOSTINHO, A.A., GOMES, L.C. and JÚLIO, J.H. Relações entre macrófitas aquáticas e fauna de peixes. In: S.M. THOMAZ & L.M. BINI, eds. Ecologia e manejo de macrófitas aquáticas. Maringá: EDUEM, 2003, pp. 261-279.

AGOSTINHO, A.A., GOMES, L.C., SANTOS, N.C.L., ORTEGA, J.C.G. and PELICICE, F.M. Fish assemblages in Neotropical reservoirs: colonization patterns, impacts and management. Fisheries Research, 2016, 173, 26-36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fishres.2015.04.006.

AGOSTINHO, A.A., PELICICE, F.M. and GOMES, L.C. Dams and the fish fauna of the Neotropical region: impacts and management related to diversity and fisheries. Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 2008, 68(4), 1119-1132, Supplement. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842008000500019. PMid:19197482.

AGOSTINHO, A.A., THOMAZ, S.M. and GOMES, L.C. Conservation of the Biodiversity of Brazil’s Inland Waters. Biological Conservation, 2005, 19(3), 646-652. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2005.00701.x.

AGOSTINHO, A.A., THOMAZ, S.M., GOMES, L.C. and BALTAR, S.L.S.M.A. Influence of Eichhornia azurea on fish assemblages of the Upper Paraná River Floodplain (Brazil). Aquatic Ecology, 2007, 41(4), 611-619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10452-007-9122-2.

AHLSTROM, E.H. and MOSER, G. Eggs and larvae of fishes and their role in systematic investigations and in fisheries. Revue des Travaux de l’Institut des Pêches Maritimes, 1976, 40, 379-398.

ARCIFA, M.S. and ESGUÍCERO, A.L.H. The fish fauna in the fish passage at the Ourinhos Dam, Paranapanema River. Neotropical Ichthyology, 2012, 10(4), 715-722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252012000400004.

ÁVILA-SIMAS, S., REYNALTE-TATAJE, D.A. and ZANIBONI-FILHO, E. Pools and rapids as spawning and nursery areas for fish in a river stretch without floodplains. Neotropical Ichthyology, 2014, 12(3), 611-622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20130116.

BAKKEN, T.H., SUNDT, H., RUUD, A. and HARBY, A. Development of small versus large hydropower in Norway comparison of environmental impacts. Energy Procedia, 2012, 20, 185-199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.03.019.

BENEJAM, L., SAURA-MAS, S., BARDINA, M., SOLÀ, C., MUNNÉ, A. and GARCÍA-BERTHOU, E. Ecological impacts of small hydropower plants on headwater stream fish: From individual to community effects. Ecology Freshwater Fish, 2016, 25(2), 295-306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eff.12210.

BRAMBILLA, E.M., SILVA, L.G.M., BAUMGARTNER, L.J., BIALETZKI, A. and NOGUEIRA, M.G. Dispersal of fish eggs and larvae in a cascade of small hydropower plants with fish ladders. Hydrobiologia, 2020. In press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-020-04425-5.

BRAMBILLA, E.M., UIEDA, V.S. and NOGUEIRA, M.G. Does seasonality and pool connectivity influence fish trophic ecology in knickzone habitats? Studies on Neotropical Fauna and Environment, 2019, 54(1), 22-30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650521.2018.1518118.

BULLA, C.K., GOMES, L.C., MIRANDA, L.E. and AGOSTINHO, A.A. The ichthyofauna of drifting macrophyte mats in the Ivinhema River, upper Paraná River basin. Neotropical Ichthyology, 2011, 9(2), 403-409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252011005000021.

CASTRO, R.M.C., CASATTI, L., SANTOS, H.F., MELO, A.L.A., MARTINS, L.S.F., FERREIRA, K.M., GIBRAN, F.Z., BENINE, R.C., CARVALHO, M., RIBEIRO, A.C., ABREU, T.X., BOCKMANN, F.A., PELIÇÃO, G.Z., STOPIGLIA, R. and LANGEANI, F. Estrutura e composição da ictiofauna de riachos da bacia do rio Grande no Estado de São Paulo, sudeste do Brasil. Biota Neotropica, 2004, 4(1), 1-39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1676-06032004000100006.

CRAMPTON, W.G.R. and HOPKINS, C.D. Nesting and paternal care in the weakly electric fish Gymnotus (Gymnotiformes: Gymnotidae) with descriptions of larval and adult electric organs discharges of two species. Copeia, 2005, 2005(1), 48-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1643/CI-04-056R1.

DIBBLE, E.D. and PELICICE, F.M. Influence of aquatic plant-specific habitat on an assemblage of small neotropical floodplain fishes. Ecology Freshwater Fish, 2010, 19(3), 381-389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0633.2010.00420.x.

DIBBLE, E.D., KILLGORE, K.J. and HARREL, S.L. Assessment of fish plant interactions. In: E. MIRANDA and D. R. DEVRIES, eds. Multidimensional approaches to reservoir fisheries management. Bethesda: American Fisheries Society, 1996, pp. 357-372.

DINIZ, P.B., SIQUEIRA, H.D.O., FALEIROS, T.D.O., PEREIRA, N.L., SENHORINI, J.A., ESGUÍCERO, A.L.H. and BERTELLI, C. Fishes from lakes and tributaries of the Rio Santa Bárbara, Sapucaí Mirim/Grande hydrographic basin, São Paulo, Brazil. Check List, 2019, 15(4), 629-640. http://dx.doi.org/10.15560/15.4.629.

EMPRESA DE PESQUISA ENERGÉTICA – EPE. Relatório síntese do balanço energético nacional – ano base 2020. Rio de Janeiro, 2020.

FERRAREZE, M. and NOGUEIRA, M.G. Importance of lateral lagoons for the ichthyofauna in a large tropical reservoir. Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 2011, 71(4), 807-820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842011000500002.

FERRAREZE, M., CASATTI, L. and NOGUEIRA, M.G. Spatial heterogeneity affecting fish fauna in cascade reservoirs of the Upper Paraná Basin, Brazil. Hydrobiologia, 2014, 738(1), 97-109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-014-1922-5.

FERRAREZE, M., NOGUEIRA, M.G. and CASATTI, L. Differences in ichthyofauna feeding habits among lateral lagoons and the river channel in a large reservoir. Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 2015, 75(2), 380-390. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.14713. PMid:26132022.

FRICKE, R., ESCHMEYER, W.N. and VAN DER LAAN, R. Eschmeyer’s catalog of fishes: genera, species, references [online]. 2019 [viewed 20 June 2019]. Available from: http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcat main.asp

GRAÇA W.J. and PAVANELLI C.S. Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes. Maringá: EDUEM, 2007.

GRENOUILLET, G. and PONT, D. Juvenile fishes in macrophyte beds: influence of food resources, habitat structure and body size. Journal of Fish Biology, 2001, 59(4), 939-959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00163.x.

HENDERSON, P.A. and HAMILTON, H.F. Standing crop and distribution of fish in drifting and attached floating meadow within an Upper Amazonian varzea lake. Journal of Fish Biology, 1995, 47(2), 266-276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01894.x.

HERMES-SILVA, S. and ZANIBONI-FILHO, E. Structure of the littoral fish assemblage in an impounded tributary: the effects of macrophytes presence (subtropical region, Brazil). Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 2012, 72(3), 489-495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842012000300011. PMid:22990819.

KIRJASNIEMI, M. and VALTONEN, T. Size-dependent over-winter mortality of young- of-the-year roach, Rutilus rutilus. Environmental Biology of Fishes, 1997, 50(4), 451-456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007302931943.

KUCUKALI, S. Environmental risk assessment of small hydropower (SHP) plants: a case study for Tefen SHP plant on Filyos River. Energy for Sustainable Development, 2014, 19, 102-110.

LANGEANI F. and REGO A.C.L. Guia ilustrado dos peixes da bacia do Rio Araguari. Uberlândia: Grupo de Mídia Brasil Central, 2014.

LOURES, R.C. and POMPEU, P.S. Long-term study of reservoir cascade in south-eastern Brazil reveals spatio-temporal gradient in fish assemblages. Marine and Freshwater Research, 2018, 69(12), 1983-1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MF18109.

NAKATANI, K., AGOSTINHO, A.A., BAUMGARTNER, G., BIALETZKI, A., SANCHES, P.V., MAKRAKIS, M.C. and PAVANELLI, C.S. Ovos e larvas de peixes de água doce: desenvolvimento e manual de identificação. Maringá: Eduem. 2001.

NEIFF, A.P. and CARIGNAN, R. Macroinvertebrates on Eichhornia crassipes roots in two lakes of the Paraná River floodplain. Hydrobiologia, 1997, 345(2/3), 185-196. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002949528887.

NOBILE, A.B., FREITAS-SOUZA, D., LIMA, F.P., QUEIROZ, J., BAYONA-PEREZ, I.L., CARVALHO, E.D. and RAMOS, I.P. Damming and seasonality as modulators of fish community structure in a small tributary. Ecology Freshwater Fish, 2019, 28(4), 563-572. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eff.12475.

NOGUEIRA, M.G. and POMARI, J. Limnological patterns in a large subtropical reservoir cascade. In: D. GOKCE, ed. Limnology: some new aspects of inland water ecology. Rijeka: IntechOpen, 2019, pp. 96-129. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.80632.

NOGUEIRA, M.G., FERRAREZE, M., MOREIRA, M.L. and GOUVÊA, R.M. Phytoplankton assemblages in a reservoir cascade of a large tropical - subtropical river (SE, Brazil). Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 2010, 70(3), 781-793, Supplement. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1519-69842010000400009. PMid:21085783.

NOGUEIRA, M.G., HENRY, R. and MARICATTO, F.E. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity in the Jurumirim Reservoir, São Paulo, Brazil. Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management, 1999, 4(3-4), 107-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1770.1999.00086.x.

NOGUEIRA, M.G., OLIVEIRA, P.C.R. and DE BRITTO, Y.T. Zooplankton assemblages (Copepoda and Cladocera) in a cascade of reservoirs of a large tropical river (SE Brazil). Limnetica, 2008, 27, 151-170.

NOGUEIRA, M.G., PERBICHE-NEVES, G. and NALIATO, D.A.O. Limnology of two contrasting hydroelectric reservoirs (storage and run-of-river) in southeast Brazil. In: H.S. BOROUGENI, ed. Hydropower: practice and application. Rijeka: Intech, 2012, pp. 167-784.

OLIVEIRA, A.K., GARAVELLO, J.C., CESARIO, V.V. and CARDOSO, R.T. Fish fauna from Sapucaí-Mirim River, tributary of Grande River, upper Paraná River basin, Southeastern Brazil. Biota Neotropica, 2016, 16(1), 1-9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-BN-2014-0192.

ORSI, M.L., ALMEIDA, F.S., SWARÇA, A.C., CLARO-GARCÍA, A., VIANNA, N.C., GARCIA, D.A.Z. and BIALETZKI, A. Ovos, larvas e juvenis dos peixes da Bacia do Rio Paranapanema uma avaliação para a conservação. Assis: Triunfal Gráfica e Editora, Duke Energy, 2016.

OTA, R.R., DEPRÁ, G.C., GRAÇA, W.J. and PAVANELLI, C.S. Peixes da planície de inundação do alto rio Paraná e áreas adjacentes: revised, annotated and updated. Neotropical Ichthyology, 2018, 16(2), e170094. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20170094.

PADIAL, A.A., THOMAZ, S.M. and AGOSTINHO, A.A. Effects of structural heterogeneity provided by the floating macrophyte Eichhornia azurea on the predation efficiency and habitat use of the small Neotropical fish Moenkhausia sanctaefilomenae. Hydrobiologia, 2009, 624(1), 161-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-008-9690-8.

PAIVA, M.M. Grandes represas do Brasil. Brasília: Editerra, 1982.

PELICICE, F.M., AGOSTINHO, A.A. and THOMAZ, S.M. Fish assemblages associated with Egeria in a tropical reservoir: investigating the effects of plant biomass and diel period. Acta Oecologica, 2005, 27(1), 9-16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.actao.2004.08.004.

PELICICE, F.M., AZEVEDO-SANTOS, V.M., ESGUÍCERO, A.L.H., AGOSTINHO, A.A. and ARCIFA, M.S. Fish diversity in the cascade of reservoirs along the Paranapanema River, southeast Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 2018, 16(2), 1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0224-20170150.

PELICICE, F.M., POMPEU, P.S. and AGOSTINHO, A.A. Large reservoirs as ecological barriers to downstream movements of Neotropical migratory fish. Fish and Fisheries, 2014, 16, 1-19.

PELICICE, F.M., THOMAZ, S.M. and AGOSTINHO, A.A. Simple relationships to predict attributes of fish assemblages in patches of submerged macrophytes. Neotropical Ichthyology, 2008, 6(4), 543-550. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252008000400001.

POMPÊO, M. Monitoramento e manejo de macrófitas aquáticas em reservatórios tropicais brasileiros. São Paulo: Instituto de Biociências da USP, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/9788585658670.

POMPÊO, M. Monitoramento e manejo de macrófitas aquáticas. Oecologia Brasiliensis, 2008, 12(3), 406-424.

POMPEU, P.S., AGOSTINHO, A.A. and PELICICE, F.M. Existing and future challenges: the concept of successful fish passage in South America. River Research and Applications, 2012, 28(4), 504-512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1557.

PRICE, A.E., HUMPHRIES, P., GAWNE, B. and THOMS, M.C. Effects of discharge regulation on slackwater characteristics at multiple scales in a lowland river. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 2013, 70(2), 253-262. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2012-0164.

REIS, R.E., KULLANDER, S.O. and FERRARIS, C.J. Check list of the freshwater fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS. 2003.

ROSSI, L.M. and PARMA DE CROUX, M.J. Influencia de la vegetación acuática en la distribución de peces del río Paraná, Argentina. Ambiente Subtropical, 1992, 2, 65-75.

RUOCCO, A.M.C., PORTINHO, J.L. and NOGUEIRA, M.G. Potential impact of small hydroelectric power plants on river biota: a case study on macroinvertebrates associated to basaltic knickzones. Brazilian Journal of Biology = Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 2019, 79(4), 722-734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.191148. PMid:30088529.

SÁNCHEZ-BOTERO, J.I. and ARAÚJO-LIMA, C.A.R.M. As macrófitas aquáticas como berçário para a ictiofauna da várzea do rio Amazonas. Acta Amazonica, 2001, 31(3), 437-447. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1809-43922001313447.

SHARMA, K.N., TIWARI, P.K. and SOOD, Y.R. A comprehensive analysis of strategies, policies and development of hydropower in India: Special emphasis on small hydro power. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2013, 18, 460-470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.10.017.

SILVA, P.A., REYNALTE-TATAJE, D.A. and ZANIBONI-FILHO, E. Identification of fish nursery areas in a free tributary of an impoundment region, upper Uruguay River, Brazil. Neotropical Ichthyology, 2012, 10(2), 425-438. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252012005000012.

SOARES, M.C.S., MARINHO, M.M., HUSZAR, V.L.M., BRANCO, C.W.C. and AZEVEDO, S.M.F.O. The effects of water retention time and watershed features on the limnology of two tropical reservoirs in Brazil. Lakes and Reservoirs: Research and Management, 2008, 13(4), 257-269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1770.2008.00379.x.

SUZUKI, F.M., PIRES, L.V. and POMPEU, P.S. Passage of fish larvae and eggs through the Funil, Itutinga and Camargos reservoirs on the upper Rio Grande (Minas Gerais, Brazil). Neotropical Ichthyology, 2011, 9(3), 617-622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252011000300014.

THOMAZ, S.M. and BINI, L.M. Ecologia e manejo de macrófitas aquáticas. Maringá: EDUEM, 2003.

TUNDISI, J.G. Reservatórios como sistemas complexos: teoria, aplicações e perspectivas para usos múltiplos. In: R. HENRY, ed. Ecologia de reservatórios: estrutura, função e aspectos sociais. Botucatu: FUNDIBIO, 1999, pp. 19-38.

TUNDISI, J.G. Reservoirs: new challenges for ecosystem studies and environmental management. Water Security, 2018, 4-5, 1-7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasec.2018.09.001.

VAZZOLER, A.E.A.M. Manual de métodos para estudos biológicos de populações de peixes: reprodução e crescimento. Brasília: Programa Nacional de Zoologia (CNPq), 1982.

VIANNA, N.C. and NOGUEIRA, M.G. Ichthyoplankton and limnological factors in the Cinzas River – an alternative spawning site for fishes in the middle Paranapanema River basin, Brazil. Acta Limnologica Brasiliensia, 2008, 20, 139-151.

WILZBACH, M.A., CUMMINS, K.W., BARNES, T.K. and TREXLER, J.C. Channel- floodplain coupling in the Kisimmee River, Florida (USA): invertebrate movement and fish feeding. Verhandlungen - Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie, 2002, 28(1), 164-172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.2001.11902567.
 


Submitted date:
03/09/2021

Accepted date:
10/26/2021

Publication date:
04/28/2022

626a8f6ea95395375b0d5005 alb Articles
Links & Downloads

Acta Limnol. Bras. (Online)

Share this page
Page Sections